摘要
对长江中下游洞庭湖、鄱阳湖、巢湖、太湖、月湖和玄武湖6个湖泊中的20个沉积物样品进行了理化性质分析,在此基础上探讨了沉积物各理化性质间的相关关系。研究结果表明:长江中下游沉积物的总磷含量为307 43～1454 39mg kg,阳离子交换量为0 0861～0 2528mmol g,有机质总量为0 25%～7 38%,有机质组分以胡敏素为主;沉积物的颗粒组成以粉砂粒级和粘粒级为主,占64%～98%,粉砂粒级占50%～70%;粘土矿物以伊利石 蒙脱石混层为主,其次是伊利石、绿泥石和高岭石;沉积物中主要的氧化物为SiO2,Al2O3和Fe2O3,变化较大的成分为SiO2,Al2O3和Fe2O3,MnO和CaO变化不大,TiO2基本没有变化。在长江中下游地区不同湖泊中沉积物的理化性质存在较大差异,且与湖泊污染程度密切相关。沉积物中细颗粒越多,有机质含量越高,阳离子交换量越大,铁铝氧化物含量越高的湖泊,其总磷含量也就越高。
The physical-chemical characteristics of 20 sediments in six lakes,i.e. Dongting Lake,Poyang Lake,Chaohu Lake,Taihu Lake,Yuehu Lake and Xuanwu Lake,from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were investigated,and their relationships were discussed. The results show:the concentrations of total phosphorous,cation exchange capacity and organic matter were 307.43～1 454.39 mg/kg,0.086 1～0.252 8 (mmol/g) and 0.25%～7.38%,respectively,with the main component of humin;the sediment was mainly comprised of silty and clay grains(64%～98%)with the proportion of silty grain being 50%～70%;the clay minerals were mainly montmorillonate and secondarily illite,chlorite and kaolinite;the common composition of the sediments was mainly made up of SiO_2,Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3,and their contents varied greatly as trophic levels change;the contents of MnO and CaO did not vary greatly and that of TiO_2 basically remained unchanged. There existed great difference in sediment physical-chemical characteristics among different lakes from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and close relationships between physical-chemical characteristics and pollution level were found. The concentrations of total phosphorous increased with the proportion of fine grains,the cation exchange capacity,and the contents of organic matter and Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3.
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第z1期24-29,共6页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2002CB412304)
关键词
湖泊
沉积物
理化性质
长江中下游
lakes
sediment
physical-chemical characteristics
middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
