摘要
【目的】果实套袋是提高果实品质的关键技术措施之一,研究不同类型果袋处理对天使红果实品质的影响,旨在选出合适的果袋类型,为天使红石榴的栽培管理提供参考。【方法】以5年生嫁接天使红为试验材料,以不套袋为对照,利用6种不同类型果袋对石榴果实进行套袋处理,比较不同处理后果实的内、外在品质,选出适宜天使红石榴套袋的果袋类型。【结果】白袋和灰袋能增加果实单果质量和百粒质量;其中灰袋处理较对照果实单果质量增加20%,百粒质量增加25%,效果最显著,但同时果皮厚度较对照显著增加30%;其他处理果皮厚度较对照果实无显著差异。不同处理间果实可溶性固形物含量无显著差异。除白袋、蓝袋外,其他4种果袋处理果实维生素C含量均高于对照果实;其中透明袋处理果实维生素C含量较对照增加20%,效果最显著。套袋果实苹果酸含量较对照增加12%~45%,其中灰袋效果最显著;透明袋、蓝袋、绿袋、灰袋处理果实柠檬酸含量较对照增加5%~13%,其中透明袋效果最显著。着色方面,灰袋处理果实a值最小,着色最浅;其中透明袋处理果实a值与对照差异最小,且显著高于其他果袋处理;除此之外,比较了果实成熟后不同时期果袋保鲜效果,发现透明袋保鲜性能显著优于其他果袋。【结论】通过比较不同果袋处理后的果实品质,透明袋能有效保护果实免受伤害,延长果实挂树期,增加果实维生素C含量且对其他感官品质无显著影响,其可作为天使红石榴优质生产栽培中的主要果袋类型。
【Objective】Fruit bagging,as a physical protective measure,can effectively avoid mechani-cal damage during fruit growth and development,prevent from the attack by diseases and pests,reduce drug residues and fruit cracking rate,and maintain the fruit surface clean and tidy.In addition,fruit bag-ging changes the micro-environment such as temperature,light,moisture and air around the fruit to a certain extent,thus affecting the internal quality of the fruit,and is a key technical measure to improve the fruit quality.Tianshihong is a new super-soft-seed pomegranate bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS.It has wide adaptability and bright red fruit surface and seeds at maturity,and is rich in anthocyanins with sweet and soft flavor and excellent quality.However,the fruit skin is thin,and the phenomenon of dry and cracked skin is easy to appear in the later stage of fruit growth,which affects the commercial value.Therefore,the effect of different fruit bag treatments on the quality of Tianshi-hong fruit was studied to select the appropriate type of fruit bag and provide technical reference for the promotion and application to Tianshihong super-soft-seed pomegranate.【Methods】In June 2022,five years old grafted Tianshihong trees were used as experimental materials in Zhengzhou area,and six dif-ferent types of fruit bags were used to bag fruits,including transparent bag,white bag,nonwoven bag,blue bag,green bag and gray bag.Fruits on different canopy layers in different directions were random-ly selected from each tree for bagging,and 20 fruits were randomly selected from each treatment.Ten fruits were randomly selected from each treatment at the maturity stage in mid-to-late September 2022,and physiological indexes such as single fruit weight,hundred kernel weight,peel thickness,peel color difference(a,b,c values),soluble solid content,organic acid content and Vitamin C content were deter-mined.The type of suitable fruit bags for Tianshihong pomegranate was selected by comparing various fruit indexes und
作者
王璐伟
陈利娜
李好先
刘锐涛
李松开
杨庆华
杨雪花
严琼
鲁振华
WANG Luwei;CHEN Lina;LI Haoxian;LIU Ruitao;LI Songkai;YANG Qinghua;YANG Xuehua;YAN Qiong;LU Zhenhua(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Mengzi Fruit and Vegetable Technology Promotion Station,Mengzi 661100,Yunnan,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期113-121,共9页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1600802)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-ZFRI)。
关键词
天使红石榴
套袋处理
果实品质
Tianshihong pomegranate
Bagging treatment
Fruit quality
