摘要
采用真空雾化和内氧化方法制备钇(Y)含量为0,1%和3%(质量分数)的纳米Al_(2)O_(3)弥散强化铜粉末,并通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备铜基复合材料。通过透射电镜(TEM)分析复合材料第二相尺寸为纳米级,元素组成为Al-Y-O化合物。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和激光共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)观察分析复合材料磨损表面形貌,研究了Y含量对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,随着Y含量的增加,磨损率先减小后增大。Y添加量为1%时,形成的稀土氧化物尺寸细小仅为50 nm且弥散分布于基体中,有效强化基体提高了耐磨性,此时材料的耐磨性能最佳,磨损率为4.450×10^(-4)mm^(3)·m。Y含量增加至3%时,由于过量的稀土形成的复相稀土氧化物尺寸粗大且倾向于沿着晶界析出,在磨损过程中这些粗大的颗粒相成为应力集中源,在剪切应力作用下出现大量的微裂纹和颗粒剥离,导致材料耐磨性下降。稀土元素Y对铜基复合材料的改性作用表现为细化晶粒,改善了材料的微观组织结构,硬质颗粒弥散分布提高材料力学性能,又作为承载相提高材料耐磨性。
Copper and copper alloys have good electrical and thermal conductivity,which play an important role in many fields such as electronic technology,aerospace and so on.However,copper has low tensile strength,low hardness and poor wear resistance,which limits its further application.For this reason,researchers have improved the mechanical properties of copper and copper alloy through solution strengthening,deformation strengthening,precipitation strengthening,particle dispersion strengthening and other technical means.Dispersion strengthened copper is a kind of high-performance copper alloy with fine dispersion reinforced phase particles distributed in copper matrix.Due to the existence of reinforcement particles with good chemical stability and thermal stability,this kind of copper alloy has superior electrical conductivity and good mechanical properties.At present,the commonly used strengthening particles are:Al_(2)O_(3),TiB_2,SiC,etc.among them,Al_(2)O_(3) dispersion strengthened copper is a kind of dispersion copper alloy which is widely used.At room temperature and high temperature,the strength and friction and wear properties of the copper alloy are significantly improved.In the field of metal materials research,rare earths are often added to metals as beneficial elements to improve metal structure and performance.Studies have found that rare earths in copper and copper alloys can purify the structure and refine the grains,thereby improving its cold and hot processing performance,electrical conductivity,corrosion resistance and wear resistance.The nano-Al_(2)O_(3) powder with Al content of 0.6%,yttrium (Y) content of 0,1%and 3%of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) was prepared by vacuum atomization and internal oxidation with Cu-20%Y,Al-85%Y intermediate alloy block and pure Cu plate (purity>99.9%) in this paper.The powder making process was as follows:the alloy melt with uniform composition was obtained by vacuum induction melting,and the powder was atomized by N_2,and the atomization pressure was 7.0 MPa.The selected-63μm pow
作者
赵旭男
付东兴
汪礼敏
郭志猛
班丽卿
顾涛
Zhao Xunan;Fu Dongxing;Wang Limin;Guo Zhimeng;Ban Liqing;Gu Tao(Industrial Technology Research Institute of Metal Powder Materials,Beijing 101407,China;GRIPM Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407,China;General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Bejing 100088,China;New Materials Technology Research Institute,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1460-1466,共7页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1101201)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(FRF-GF-19-012AZ)资助。
