摘要
为提高农村污水工艺选择的科学性和合理性,本研究构建了生命周期可持续性评估(LCSA)和多准则决策分析(MCDA)耦合模型,以人工湿地(CW)、序批式活性污泥法(SBR)、“厌氧-缺氧-好氧”工艺(A^(2)O)、膜生物反应器(MBR)和生物接触氧化(BCO)为研究对象,在出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准的条件下进行评价并提出改进建议。结果表明,各系统在运行阶段贡献了绝大多数环境影响(超过85%)和经济成本(60%以上)。CW的环境可持续性和经济可持续性最优,但占地面积较大;MBR环境和经济可持续性最差,但其社会可持续性较好。A^(2)O运行过程中需要较多的能源,使其环境和经济可持续性表现不佳,而SBR和BCO各方面的可持续性较为均衡。针对不同利益相关者进行的MCDA结果表明:MBR、SBR和BCO在不同的偏好下各有优势,CW可持续性最优(0.59~0.70);然而,当占地面积的主观权重达到65%后,CW不再是最优方案。基于评价结果,使用者可以通过优化运行阶段消耗、根据排水去向灵活调整排放标准等方式提升污水处理工艺的可持续性,降低环境、经济和社会维度的负面影响。
To scientifically and reasonably select rural sewage process,a model coupling life cycle sustainability assessment(LCSA) and multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) was constructed.Constructed wetland(CW),sequence batch reactor activated sludge process(SBR),anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process(A^(2)O),membrane bio-reactor(MBR),and bio-contact oxidation(BCO) were chosen as the research objects to make assessment and propose improvement suggestions under the effluent quality standard reaching the first grade A standard of “Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard”.The results showed that five systems contributed most of the environmental impacts(over 85%) and economic costs(over 60%) during the operation phase.CW had the best environmental and economic sustainability,which occupied a larger area.MBR had the worst environmental and economic sustainability,with better social sustainability.A^(2)O required more energy during operation resulting in poor environmental and economic sustainability,while SBR and BCO had the relatively balanced sustainability in the above-mentioned three aspects.The results of MCDA for different stakeholders showed that the MBR,SBR and BCO exhibited their advantages under different preferences,in which the CW had the best sustainability(0.59-0.70).However,CW was no longer the optimal scheme when the subjective weight of occupied land area reached 65%.Based on the evaluation results,users could improve sustainability of wastewater treatment processes and reduce the negative impacts of environmental,economic and social dimensions by optimizing the consumption during operation and flexibly adjusting the discharge standard according to the drainage direction.
作者
崔涛
李悦
孔范龙
王森
赵燕
CUI Tao;LI Yue;KONG Fanlong;WANG Sen;ZHAO Yan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期3055-3065,共11页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MD042、ZR2020MD006)资助。
关键词
农村污水处理
多标准决策
生命周期评估
生命周期成本
生命周期可持续性评估
rural sewage treatment
multi-criteria decision making
life cycle assessment
life cycle cost
life cycle sustainability assessment
