摘要
旱区沙化土壤的修复和重建是保护农业生产和实现农业可持续发展的必然要求。虽然现阶段旱区沙化土壤地力提升与生态修复技术研究已取得丰硕成果,但是仍有诸多科学与技术问题尚未有效解决。笔者在综合分析国内外研究进展的基础上,围绕土壤物理、化学修复与生物修复3个层面的焦点和热点问题进行了总结分析。总体而言,生物质材料还田是农田废弃物循环利用的有效途径,但微生物菌群耐旱性和活性差等问题仍未得到有效解决,故筛选出高效与耐旱的功能微生物组对旱区生物质材料修复沙化土壤是未来研究的重要内容。筛选出适应干旱半干旱环境且稳定性强的无害“土著功能微生物”群落,结合生物质材料自身优势,构建生物质材料和土著功能微生物资源可协同修复沙化农田土壤技术体系,进而保障农田生态系统健康发展。本文明确了现阶段旱区沙化土壤地力提升与生态修复技术局限,提出了未来研究的侧重方向,可为相关学者提供参考。考虑旱区沙化土地土壤生态修复技术可被引入建设工程损毁土地的复垦,有助于实现耕地占补平衡的目标。
The restoration and reconstruction of sandy soil in arid areas is an inevitable requirement for protecting agricultural production and realizing sustainable agricultural development.Although the research on soil fertility enhancement and ecological restoration in arid regions has achieved fruitful results,there are still many scientific and technical problems that have not been effectively solved.Based on the comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign research progress,the author summarized and analyzed the focus issues of soil physical,chemical and biological remediation.In general,the return of biomass materials to farmland is an effective way to recycle farmland waste,but the problems of drought tolerance and poor activity of microbial flora have not been effectively solved.Therefore,it is an important content of future research to screen out efficient and drought-tolerant functional microbiome for the restoration of sandy soil by biomass materials in arid areas.The harmless"indigenous functional microbial"communities that are adaptable to arid and semi-arid environments and have strong stability are screened out.Combining the advantages of biomass materials,a technical system that can cooperate with indigenous functional microbial resources to repair sandy farmland soil is constructed,so as to ensure the healthy development of farmland ecosystem.The technical limitations of soil fertility improvement and ecological restoration in arid regions were clarified,and the direction of future research was put forward,which could provide reference for related scholars.Considering that the soil ecological restoration technology can be introduced into the reclamation of the damaged land in the construction project,it is helpful to achieve the goal of the balance of arable land.
作者
张海强
李奥云
朱国平
尹书乐
杨志青
刘琪
Zhang Haiqiang;Li Aoyun;Zhu Guoping;Yin Shule;Yang Zhiqing;Liu Qi(Tianshui Management and Supervision of Soil and Water Conservation of Yellow River,Tianshui,Gansu 741000,China;Beijing Linmiao Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100080,China)
出处
《山西水土保持科技》
2023年第4期1-5,共5页
Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology in Shanxi
关键词
生物炭
有机肥
功能微生物
生态修复
土壤改良
沙化土壤
旱区
Biochar
Organic fertilizer
Functional microorganism
Ecological restoration
Soil improvement
Sandy soil
Arid region
