摘要
英国是第一次工业革命的发源地,工业革命的发生发展对全球工业化和经济社会发展起到重要推进作用。分析英国工业革命的起因和发展特点,不能不考虑矿业的作用。从本质上讲,第一次工业革命是用化石能源替代生物燃料的过程,起源于规模化、高效地使用煤炭资源,由此推动了煤炭产业、钢铁产业、交通业、制造业、农业和服务业等各行各业的发展。从英国的工业革命历史经验我们可以得出以下认识:①英国的工业革命离不开国内矿产资源的自然禀赋优势,更得益于矿产资源开发利用技术的颠覆性创新;②矿业是工业革命的组成部分,工业革命是矿业与其他产业相互促进的过程,矿业在工业化过程中不断发展、完善,工业化在矿业的参与下不断前行、上升;③工业化进程没有完结,今天的矿业仍然肩负着支撑经济发展的重任,需要不断完善自我,以新的方式在产业链、供应链上发挥应有作用。
The first industrial revolution took place in Britain,which played significant roles in the global economic and societal developments.Looking into the origin and development of the industrial revolution,the roles of mining should not be overlooked.Basically,the first industrial revolution represented the substitution of organic fuels by fossil fuels,which was driven by more efficient use of coal,hence stimulated the development of coal industry,steel industry,manufacture,transport,agriculture,service industry and science and technology.A review of the British industrial revolution history suggests that:①the British Industrialization could not succeed without the support of the domestic mineral resources,and benefited greatly from the revolutionary technological innovation in exploitation of the minerals;②mining industry was part of the British industrial revolution,and the industrial revolution was a process during which mining and other industries interacted with and promoted each other;③industrialization is endless,therefor mining’s commitments for supporting the economic and societal development will go on and mining needs to improve itself to meet the demands from the economic growth.
作者
彭齐鸣
PENG Qiming(China Mining Association,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
2023年第12期1-7,共7页
China Mining Magazine
关键词
矿业
工业革命
英国
矿产资源
经济社会发展
技术发明
mining
industrial revolution
Britain
mineral resource
economic and societal development
technological innovation
