摘要
经过多年的发展,我国快递业市场形成了国际、国内和同城快递三大板块,集聚了国有、民营、外资三大主体。本文通过对我国快递业和上市快递企业全要素生产率和影响因素的实证分析,得出:我国快递市场是具有明显规模经济优势的市场;可以通过提升规模效率和技术效率来提升我国快递业全要素生产率;民营上市快递企业效率更高;我国快递市场发展不均衡;上市快递企业提升市场运行效率要从总资产周转率、管理费用率、财务费用率上入手。与此同时,在我国国内快递市场区域结构中,东部沿海地区、南部沿海地区和北部沿海地区仍然是主力区域,今后快递业市场体系布局重点应侧重大西北地区、西南地区、长江中游地区、黄河中游地区以及农村市场。更重要的是,实证分析表明除了需要通过提升规模效率和技术效率来提升快递业全要素生产率,增强快递业市场体系运行效率外,还要着重依托国有快递企业战略布局发挥快递业的非经济价值。
After years of development,China's express delivery industry market has formed three major sectors:international,domestic,and local express delivery,gathering three major entities:state-owned,private,and foreign-funded express delivery.This paper empirically analyzes the total factor productivity and influencing factors of China's express delivery industry and listed express delivery enterprises,and concludes that China's express delivery market is a market with obvious economies of scale advantages.The full factor production efficiency of China's express delivery industry can be improved through scale and technological efficiency.Private listed express delivery companies have higher market efficiency.The uneven development of the high,middle,and low end of China's express delivery market.To improve the efficiency of market operation,listed express enterprises should start with the total asset turnover,management expense ratio and financial expense ratio.At the same time,in the regional structure of China's domestic express delivery market,the eastern coastal,southern coastal,and northern coastal areas are still the main regions.In the future,the layout of the express delivery industry market system should focus on major northwest regions,southwest regions,the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,the middle reaches of the Yellow River,and rural markets.More importantly,empirical analysis shows that in addition to improving the total factor productivity of the express delivery industry and enhancing the operational efficiency of the express delivery market system through scale and technological efficiency,it is also necessary to focus on leveraging the strategic layout of state-owned express delivery enterprises to unleash the non economic value of the express delivery industry.
作者
蔡燕琦
CAI Yan-qi(Institute of Xi Jinpings Economic Thought,Fujian Academic of Social Sciences,Fuzhou 350001,China)
出处
《物流研究》
2023年第6期50-70,共21页
Logistics Research
基金
福建社科院年度课题“新发展格局的政治经济学分析”(53230101)。
关键词
快递业市场体系
运行效率
影响因素
Express Delivery Industry Market System
Operating Efficiency
Influencing Factors
