摘要
第四次工业革命、全球高等教育革命以及高等工程教育回归工程的叠加影响,使得高层次创新型工程科技人才自主培养体系建设的迫切性和重要性更加凸显。第一次工业革命以来,我国高等工程教育体系先后经历了初始萌芽、探索建设、调整优化和卓越发展4个阶段。随着教育体系建设从外部压迫转向战略驱动,我国在工程博士这一高层次人才队伍建设上仍存在结构失衡、业界缺位、脱离实践、创新不足等短板。为此,亟需加强工程博士高质量自主培养体系建设:前瞻性布局工程博士培养方向,优化工程博士的规模及专业结构;开创性试点企业工程博士学位点建设,发挥企业实践培养主阵地作用;突破性创新政策激励体系,调动企业参与工程博士培养积极性;探索性构建专业实践长效培养体系,探索校企协同育人新体制;系统性提升工程博士未来胜任力,搭建融合原始创新与工程实践能力目标的培养新模式。
The confluence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution,the global higher education revolution,and the resurgence of engineering in higher engineering education underscores the urgency and significance of establishing an independent system for cultivating high-level innovative engineering and scientific talent.Since the first Industrial Revolution,China’s higher engineering education system has undergone four stages,including nascent development,exploratory construction,adjustment and optimization,and excellent growth.However,as educational system development shifts from external pressures to strategic imperatives,there are still imbalances in the structure,the absence of industry participation,disconnection from practical applications,and lack of innovation in the country’s development of high-level engineering doctoral talent.Hence,there is an immediate need to bolster the establishment of a high-quality autonomous system for engineering doctoral candidates:including the imperative to proactively design the direction for engineering doctoral programs and optimize the scale and specialization of these programs;initiate pioneering efforts in the establishment of corporate engineering doctoral degree programs,leveraging the role of enterprises as primary training grounds;break new ground in innovative policies and incentive systems to stimulate corporate engagement in engineering doctoral education;explore the construction of a long-term and specialized practical training system,creating a new model of collaborative education between academia and industry;and systematically enhance the future competencies of engineering doctoral candidates by developing a novel training program that integrates original innovation with engineering practical skills.
作者
林成华
张维佳
LIN Chenghua;ZHANG Weijia(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Institute of China’s Science,Technology and Education Policy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《中国科技人才》
2023年第5期9-17,共9页
Scientific and Technology Talents of China
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“重大学科交叉平台博士生培养模式和培养机制创新研究”(BIA230181)。
关键词
工程专业博士
自主培养
培养现状
战略布局
Doctorate of engineering
Independent training system
Current state of education
Strategic arrangement
