摘要
1975年12月,印度尼西亚苏哈托政府以受邀协助平叛为由全面入侵东帝汶,并在次年将其并入版图。由于利益攸关的东盟国家和澳大利亚都倾向于东帝汶并入印尼,美国的立场成为苏哈托政府最大顾虑和关键影响因素。从20世纪70年代东南亚地缘政治看,美国政府在实施海外战略收缩后,急需印尼在东南亚扮演区域秩序主导者角色,此种角色是其亚太盟友和东南亚本土同盟无法替代的。美国政府在东南亚区域秩序上对印尼的过度依赖,导致其对苏哈托政府侵略行径的纵容达到极致。苏哈托政府吞并东帝汶最终成为冷战后期被“默许”的公然侵略,而福特政府的应对政策折射出该时期美国在东南亚影响力的严重衰退以及美国霸权的实质。
In December 1975,Indonesia's Suharto government used a request for help in suppressing a rebellion as a pretext for initiating a large-scale invasion of East Timor,proceeding to incorporate it into Indonesian territory the following year.Due to vested interests,most ASEAN countries and Australia favored the integration of East Timor into Indonesia,leaving the position of the United States as the Suharto government's primary concern and influential factor.In the context of Southeast Asian geopolitics in the 1970s,the U.S.government,which was following the implementation of a strategy of overseas retrenchment,urgently required Indonesia to assume the role of a regional leader which could not be filled by U.S.Asia-Pacific allies or indigenous Southeast Asian alliances.This excessive reliance on Indonesia to keep order within the Southeast Asia region resulted in a high level of tolerance by the United States for Suharto's aggression,and the annexation of East Timor was eventually tacitly approved during the late Cold War period,at a time when the Ford administration's response reflected a significant decline in U.S.influence in Southeast Asia,and the essence of the U.S.hegemony.
出处
《历史研究》
北大核心
2023年第5期143-165,M0006,M0007,共25页
Historical Research
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“美国政府对东盟认知的历史嬗变及其对印太战略的影响研究”(22JJD810019)阶段性成果。
