摘要
目的研制青少年社会生态学风险因素评定简短问卷,评价其信效度,为青少年累积生态风险因素暴露评定体系的构建提供资料和证据支持。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,于2021年10—12月抽取深圳市、郑州市、徐州市、南昌市、沈阳市、太原市、昆明市、重庆市等8个地市共22868名青少年进行问卷调查。基于条目分析筛选、探索性因子分析、信效度评价等多种方法,利用沈阳、太原、昆明、重庆4个地区共10838名青少年行为健康调查数据对原始问卷条目进行筛选;同时根据深圳市、郑州市、徐州市、南昌市4个地区共12030名参与者相关监测资料评价其预测效度。结果通过对原始问卷条目分析及筛选,得出由25个条目构成的青少年社会生态学风险因素评定简短问卷,涵盖个人、家庭、学校、社区、政策、时间、文化7个维度,方差累积贡献率为54.95%,其Cronbachα系数为0.79,分半系数为0.70。相较于低累积生态风险暴露的儿童青少年,高风险组的儿童青少年发生吸烟(OR=4.05,95%CI=2.78~5.92)、饮酒(OR=3.47,95%CI=2.86~4.19)、自杀意念(OR=8.85,95%CI=7.68~10.21)、自杀计划(OR=8.85,95%CI=7.27~10.78)、自杀未遂行为(OR=8.86,95%CI=6.67~11.78)的可能性更高(P值均<0.05);对性别分层后,累积生态风险暴露水平与上述行为间的正相关仍有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论青少年社会生态学风险因素评定简短问卷信效度较好,且预测效度良好,未来可在研究社会生态风险因素领域推广使用。
Objective To develop a simplified Rating Questionnaire of Social Ecological Risks in Adolescents and to evaluate the reliability and predictive validity of the brief questionnaire,so as to provide data and evidence support for building the evaluation system of cumulative social-ecological risk exposure.Methods A large cross-sectional was conducted in eight areas,including Shenzhen,Zhengzhou,Xuzhou,Nanchang,Shenyang,Taiyuan,Kunming and Chongqing,from October to December 2021.A total of 22868 adolescents were included in the analysis.Data on healthy behaviors from 10838 adolescents from Shenyang,Taiyuan,Kunming,Chongqing were used for item selection,based on factor analysis,validity and reliability evaluation.The data from Shenzhen,Zhengzhou,Xuzhou,Nanchang,including 12030 adolescents,were used to define the partition values of the brief questionnaire,and evaluate the predictive validity.Results The brief questionnaire containing 25-item were developed by analyzing and choosing all items of original questionnaire,and covered seven dimensions including individual,family,school,community,policy,time and culture.The cumulative contribution rate of variance was 54.95%,the Cronbach coefficient was 0.79,and the split-half coefficient was 0.70.Participants in the higher risk group had significantly higher risk of smoking(OR=4.05,95%CI=2.78-5.92),drinking(OR=3.47,95%CI=2.86-4.19),suicidal ideation(OR=8.85,95%CI=7.68-10.21),suicidal plans(OR=8.85,95%CI=7.27-10.78),suicidal attempt(OR=8.86,95%CI=6.67-11.78)than individual in the lower risk group(P<0.05).After stratified by gender,the above positive correlations still remained significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The brief questionnaire,with good reliability and predictive validity,could be widely applicated in the further researches on social ecological risk factors.
作者
王娇娇
张一
谢阳
张新宇
张向林
万宇辉
陶芳标
WANG Jiaojiao;ZHANG Yi;XIE Yang;ZHANG Xinyu;ZHANG Xianglin;WAN Yuhui;TAO Fangbiao(Department of Maternal,Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei(230032),Anhui Province,China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第11期1679-1682,1687,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82073578)。
关键词
累积生态风险
精神卫生
问卷调查
青少年
Cumulative ecological risk
Mental health
Questionnaires
Adolescent
