摘要
基础教育财政投入均衡是实现基础教育优质均衡的基础。本文采用变异系数、基尼系数和泰尔指数研究发现,西藏自治区六市一地区及其所辖区县的基础教育财政投入存在显著的区域失衡问题。具体表现为,相比小学和初中,幼儿园教育财政投入区域不均衡情况相对严峻;无论是幼儿园、小学还是初中,生均公用经费区域不均衡状况都较生均教育经费和生均事业费严重;生均基本建设经费区域不均衡现象最为严重,且没有明显改善或加剧趋势。并选择Odden-Picus充分性指数,以西藏基础教育分阶段的生均教育经费平均水平为标准,从纵向公平视角探究西藏基础教育财政投入的区域均衡性,发现西藏各地市基础教育财政缺口差异较大。为此,西藏自治区政府应从加强基础教育财政统筹规划、合理调整各级政府基础教育财政分担比例、促进基础设施共建共享、制定基础教育财政投入标准和完善基础教育财政监察机制等方面入手提供政策保障。
Balanced financial investment in basic education is the foundation for achieving high-quality balance in basic education.Using coefficient of variation,Gini coefficient and Theil index,the study found that there is still a significant regional imbalance in the financial investment in basic education in six cities and one region and their respective counties within the Xizang Autonomous Region.Specifically,compared to primary and junior high schools,the regional imbalance in financial investment of education in kindergarten is relatively severe;Whether it is kindergarten,primary school,or junior high school,the regional imbalance of per capita public funds is severer than that of per capita education funds and per capita educational cause funds;The regional imbalance in basic construction funds per student is the severest,and there is no significant improvement or exacerbation trend.And by selecting the Odden-Picus adequacy index and using the average level of per capita education funds for basic education in Xizang as the standard,the study explores the regional balance of financial investment in basic education in Xizang from a vertical equity perspective.It is found that there are significant differences in financial gaps in basic education among different cities in Xizang.To this end,the government of the Xizang Autonomous Region should provide policy guarantees by strengthening the financial planning and coordination of basic education,establishing a reasonable financial sharing system for basic education,promoting joint construction and sharing of infrastructure,formulating financial input standards for basic education and improving the financial supervision mechanism for basic education.
作者
张学敏
江瑞涛
林檬
ZHANG Xue-min;JIANG Rui-tao;LIN Meng(Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;School of Economics,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350117)
出处
《民族教育研究》
北大核心
2023年第4期108-118,共11页
Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities
基金
2022年度国家社科基金重大项目“西部农村和民族地区人力资本培育的方式和路径选择研究”(项目编号:22&ZD065)
2021年度西藏自治区教育科学研究重大课题“西藏教育资源配置水平提升对策研究”(项目编号:xzjykt121010)的阶段性成果。
关键词
西藏自治区
基础教育
财政投入
区域均衡
Xizang Autonomous Region
Basic Education
Financial investment
Regional Balance
