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认知语言学视角下汉日“大/小”的语义扩展对比研究

A Contrastive Study of the Semantic Expansion of"大/小"in Chinese and Japanese from a Cognitive Semantic Perspective
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摘要 该文从认知语言学的视角出发,对汉日“大/小”的语义扩展进行了对比研究。通过分析发现:汉日“大/小”在原型义和扩展路径上存在相似之处,它们都可以从空间域的原型义扩展到数量、状态、时间、心理4个抽象域。但汉语“大/小”的语义扩展范围更大,语义生成能力更强;汉日“大小”存在相似性最主要的原因是空间概念是人类最早认识的概念之一,且中日两国自古就是一衣带水的邻邦,日语受汉语文化影响深远。中日两国语言环境、思维认知和文化价值取向等的不同,导致了汉日“大/小”在语义扩展上存在差异性。该文以期为汉日“大/小”教学提供新思路,为汉日语言学习者学习多义词提供一定的参考。 domains of quantity,state,time and psychology;however,the semantic extension of Chinese"大/小"has a larger range,stronger semantic generation ability and more semantic items than Japanese;the main reason for the similarity between Chinese and Japanese"大/小"is that the concept of space was one of the first concepts known to mankind,and since China and Japan have been neighbour since ancient times,the Japanese language has been deeply influenced by Chinese.However,the differences in the linguistic environment,cognition and cultural values of the two countries also lead to differences in the semantic expansion of Chinese and Japanese"大/小".This article aims to provide new ideas for the teaching of"大/小"in Chinese and Japanese,and provide a certain reference for Chinese and Japanese learners to learn polysemy.
作者 刘霞 王佳音 LIU Xia;WANG Jiayin(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang,150040,China)
机构地区 东北林业大学
出处 《文化创新比较研究》 2023年第27期37-41,共5页 Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation
关键词 原型义 语义扩展 隐喻 转喻 认知视角 “大/小” Prototypical meaning Semantic extension Metaphor Metonymy Cognitive-semantic perspective "大/小"
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