摘要
为了解凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)可能的微生物致病原因,通过对养殖水体环境细菌16S rRNA基因进行高通量测序和生物信息学分析,研究比较了健康虾塘(HSP)、少量死虾塘(MinUH)和大量死虾塘(MajUH)水体细菌群落组成。结果表明,MajUH氨氮、亚硝酸盐、细菌总数均显著高于其他组(P<0.05),HSP细菌群落香农指数显著高于MajUH(P<0.05)。养殖水体中优势菌门为变形菌门、蓝藻门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、绿菌门,其丰度在3类虾塘中有很大差异,其中,蓝藻门在HSP、MinUH、MajUH的丰度分别为6.17%、5.94%、46.85%。对虾的大量死亡伴随着细菌群落的变化,RDA分析表明,细菌群落的分布主要由亚硝酸盐氮和氧化还原电位决定。通过文献检索和方差分析对HSP与MajUH进行比较后发现,当微生物群落多样性下降时,其对高pH的抑制和调控作用将会减弱,从而影响对虾健康状况。此外,研究还确定了24个可区分健康和大量死亡虾塘主要细菌指示物,明确了水体细菌群落结构作为虾类健康状态指示指标的可行性。研究结果可为凡纳滨对虾养殖过程中的病害防治及新微生物资源开发提供基础数据。
Litopenaeus vannamei is the world's most productive species,its production occupies 80.5% of China's total shrimp aquaculture production.L.vannamei aquaculture is often done in high-density culture with high yields and high production values,resulting in the continuous deterioration of the water and frequent ocaurence of highly toxic pathogens,which has become a major threat limiting the development of the shrimp industry.The microbe structural composition and diversity greatly affect the water quality and the health of farmed animals.The intestinal microbiota of aquaculture animals is composed of indigenous microorganisms and artificially added high-concentration foreign microorganisms.However,in actual breeding,there is often no significant difference in water quality indicators of healthy shrimp ponds and unhealthy shrimp ponds.Conventional water quality indicators are deficient in indicating the extent of shrimp pond morbidity,while the structural composition and diversity of water microbial community can be used to some extent as an indicator of shrimp pond morbidity early warning.However,no research has been conducted to validate the classification of shrimp ponds according to their catch rate under uniform management measures and to compare the microbial communities of shrimp pond water.The purpose was to comparate the microbial community structure among healthy shrimp ponds(HSP),the minority of death shrimp ponds(MinUH),and the majority of death shrimp ponds(MajUH)by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene using the Miseq Illumina sequencing and bioinformatics analyses.The results showed that ammonia nitrogen,nitrite,and total bacterial counts were significantly higher in MajUH than those in the other groups(P<0.05).The decrease of Shannon diversity indicated that the stability of the community decreased,and the resistance ability of shrimp also decreased,while higher Simpson index indicated that partial species enriched more in the community and the uniformity of the community was small.The mean Shan
作者
孙真
刘一萌
高鹏程
周凯
么宗利
来琦芳
SUN Zhen;LIU Yimeng;GAO Pengcheng;ZHOU Kai;YAO Zongli;LAI Qifang(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期594-604,共11页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900400)
中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项资金(2018Z02-03)。
关键词
细菌群落
健康状况
凡纳滨对虾
高通量测序
生物学指标
bacteria community
health status
Litopenaeus vannamei
high-throughput sequencing
biological indicator
