摘要
小篆和隶书是秦汉时期的主要书体。秦时小篆是官方法定文字,隶书为记事急就字体,至汉时,隶书成为主流,篆、隶地位发生变化。撷取秦汉典型“刻”“写”文字材料,梳理了秦汉时期篆、隶的演变过程,指出:秦石鼓文明显继承了西周金文大篆体;至春秋时“秦公钟”“秦公镈”“秦公簋”已开小篆之先河;到了秦始皇时期,小篆在官方的大力推广下日渐标准化,且随着政治、社会生活的频繁,古隶即秦隶产生并应用于简牍书写。经过西汉一代的发展,至东汉末,以《曹全碑》为代表的“隶书”书法已至登峰造极之境界,隶书也成为官方规定的标准书体。
The small seal script and the official script were the main calligraphic styles of the Qin and Han dynasties.During the Qin Dynasty,the small seal script was the officially recognized script,and the official script was the script for keeping records in a hurry.During the Han Dynasty,the official script became the mainstream,and the status of the seal script and the official script changed.The evolution of seal script and official script during the Qin and Han dynasties is analyzed by taking the materials of typical Qin and Han“carved”and“written”scripts,and it is pointed out that the stone drum civilization of the State of Qin has obviously inherited the big seal script from the Western Zhou Jinwen big seal script.During the Spring and Autumn period,the“Qin Gong Zhong”,“Qin Gong Bo”and“Qin Gong Gui”had already started the development of the small seal script;during the period of Emperor Qinshihuang,the small seal script became more and more standardized under the promotion of the official government,and with the high frequency of the political and social life,the ancient official script,namely,the official script of the State of Qin,was produced and applied to the writing of bamboo and wooden slips.Through the development of the Western Han Dynasty,by the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty,the“official script”represented by the Cao Quan Bei had reached its peak,and the official script became the standard calligraphic style.
作者
王学理
WANG Xueli(Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology,Xi’an 710043,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《咸阳师范学院学报》
2023年第5期11-15,共5页
Journal of Xianyang Normal University
关键词
秦汉
小篆
隶书
刻石
简牍
Qin and Han dynasties
small seal script
official script
carved stones
bamboo and wooden slips
