摘要
目的探讨不同孕前体重指数(BMI)与妊娠期主要并发症和新生儿出生体重的相关性。方法选取2019年1月1日-2023年3月31日在天津市河西区挂甲寺街社区卫生服务中心建册并进行规范孕产期保健满28周分娩的单胎孕产妇1543例,依据孕前BMI分为消瘦组(BMI<18.5kg/m^(2))、标准组(18.5kg/m^(2)≤BMI<25kg/m^(2))、超重组(BMI≥25kg/m^(2))和肥胖组(BMI≥28kg/m^(2))。分析妊娠期主要并发症以及新生儿出生体重的相关性。结果超重组和肥胖组的妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、巨大儿的发生率、剖宫产率明显高于标准组和消瘦组,各组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重和肥胖孕妇分娩的新生儿体重随着BMI的增大而增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠期贫血的发生率:消瘦组(45.04%)>标准组(35.40%)>超重组(24.43%)>肥胖组(22.93%),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低体重儿发生率:肥胖组(5.73%)>消瘦组(4.58%)>标准组(3.24%)>超重组(2.27%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕前超重和肥胖容易引发妊娠期高血压疾病、GDM,从而导致巨大儿、剖宫产率升高。肥胖组孕妇分娩低体重儿、早产儿的发生率最高。消瘦孕妇妊娠期贫血的发生率更高。为降低孕产期并发症发生率,改善母婴不良妊娠结局,加强孕前优生优育咨询指导,孕前将BMI控制在合理范围内意义重大。
Objective To investigate the correlation between different preconception body mass index(BMI)and major complications during pregnancy and newborn birth weight.Methods From January1st,2019 to March 31st,2023,1543 singlet pregnant women who were registered in the Community Health Service Center of guajiasi,Hexi District,Tianjin and received standardized maternity care at 28 weeks of delivery were selected,and divided into the emaciated group(BMI<18.5kg/m^(2)),Standard Group(18.5kg/m^(2)≤BMI<25kg/m^(2)),super recombination(BMI≥25kg/m^(2))and obese group(BMI≥28kg/m^(2)).The relationship between the main complications of pregnancy and the birth weight of newborn was analyzed.Results The incidence of gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),macrosomia and cesarean section in overweight and obesity groups were significantly higher than those in standard group and emaciated group,and the differences among all groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The weight of newborns born to overweight and obese women increased with the increase of BMI,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of anemia during pregnancy was 45.04%in the emaciated group>Standard Group 35.40%>Super recombination 24.43%>Obesity group 22.93%,the difference between groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Incidence of low body weight infants:obesity group 5.73%>Emaciated group 4.58%>Standard Group 3.240%>Superrecombinant 2.27%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are likely to cause hypertensive diseases and GDM during pregnancy,which lead to the increase of macrosomia and cesarean section.The incidence of low birth weight infants and preterm infants was the highest in the obese group.Emaciated pregnant women have a higher incidence of anemia during pregnancy.In order to reduce the complications of pregnancy and perinatal period,improve the adverse pregnancy outcome of mother and child,and strengthen the consultation and guidance
作者
李伯平
Li Boping(Women's Health Care,Guajiasi Community Health Service Center,Hexi District,Tianjin 300210,China)
出处
《首都食品与医药》
2023年第22期36-39,共4页
Capital Food Medicine
关键词
孕前体重指数
妊娠期高血压
妊娠期糖尿病
低体重儿
巨大儿
Pregnancy body mass index
Gestational hypertension
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Low body weight infants
Macrosomia
