摘要
土壤重金属污染已威胁到人类的健康和生命安全,而重金属的危害与其赋存形态密切相关。沼肥是一种优质的有机肥,其对土壤重金属形态的影响鲜有研究。以菠菜为种植作物,通过盆栽试验,每盆添加土样为1 kg,设置不施肥、施加沼肥和施加沼肥+钙镁磷肥3组处理,每组处理重复5次,钝化剂钙镁磷肥添加比例为5 g·(kg干土)-1。研究施加沼肥及沼肥+钙镁磷肥对土壤及菠菜中重金属Cd的影响及其钝化机理。结果表明:试验后各处理土壤中水溶态、可交换态Cd比例均降低,而残渣态比例升高;施加沼肥或沼肥+钙镁磷肥能够提高重金属Cd的钝化效果,且沼肥+钙镁磷肥重金属Cd钝化效果优于施加沼肥。菠菜不同部位重金属Cd的富集程度为根>茎>叶,施加沼肥+钙镁磷肥时菠菜根茎叶中重金属含量最少。试验前土壤重金属Cd主要与富里酸(fulvic acid,FA)结合,试验后各处理与胡敏酸(humic acid,HA)结合的比例显著增加(p<0.05);添加沼肥+钙镁磷肥处理的HACd所占比例高于添加沼肥处理或不施肥处理。傅里叶红外光谱(fourier transform infrared spectrometer,FTIR)表明施加沼肥处理及施加沼肥+钙镁磷肥处理与不施肥处理的土壤中碳水化合物、蛋白质、糖类等有机物相比所占比例减少,而芳香族等腐殖质所占比例增加;土壤中施加沼肥+钙镁磷肥处理腐殖化程度更好。因此,土壤中施加沼肥或钙镁磷肥可在一定程度上减少重金属污染风险,而且沼肥+钙镁磷肥的效果优于单独施用沼肥。研究结果为沼肥利用及土壤重金属污染治理提供了科学的理论数据。
Soil heavy metal pollution has threatened human health and life safety,and the harm of heavy metals is closely related to its occurrence form.Biofertilizer is a high-quality organic fertilizer,and its effect on the morphology of heavy metals in soil has rarely been studied.Therefore,spinach was used as the planting crop,and through the pot test,the soil sample was 1kg per pot,and three groups of no fertilization,biogas fertilizer and biogas fertilizer+calcium-magnesium phosphorus fertilizer were set,and each group was repeated 5 times,and the proportion of passivator calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer was 5 g·(per kg dry soil)-1.The effects of biogas fertilizer and biogas fertilizer+calcium,magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer on heavy metal Cd in soil and spinach and their passivation mechanism were studied,and the results showed that the proportion of water-soluble and exchangeable Cd in each treated soil decreased,while the proportion of residue increased.The passivation effect of heavy metal Cd was improved by the application of biogas fertilizer or biogas fertilizer+calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer,and the passivation effect of heavy metal Cd of biogas fertilizer+calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer was better than that of biogas fertilizer.The enrichment degree of heavy metal Cd in different parts of spinach was roots>stems>leaves,and the content of heavy metals in spinach rhizomes and leaves was the least when bio fertilizer+calcium,magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer was applied.Before the test,soil heavy metal Cd was mainly combined with fulvic acid,and the proportion of soil heavy metal Cd combined with humic acid after the test increased significantly(p<0.05).The proportion of HA-Cd treated with biogas fertilizer+calcium,magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer was higher than that treated with biogas fertilizer or without fertilization.Fourier transform infrared spectrometer showed that the proportion of organic matter such as carbohydrates,proteins,sugars and other organic matter in the soi
作者
李轶
张轩轩
郭敬阳
崔铁浩
荣方舟
谷士艳
LI Yi;ZHANG Xuan-xuan;GUO Jing-yang;CUI Tie-hao;RONG Fang-zhou;GU Shi-yan(College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期572-578,共7页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
辽宁省科技厅面上重点项目(20170540813)。
关键词
土壤
沼肥
钙镁磷肥
Cd
红外光谱
soil
biogas fertilizer
calcium,magnesium,phosphorus fertilizer
Cd
infrared spectrum
