摘要
中国北方地区是中原地区与北方草原地带的过渡区域,也是农业与畜牧业交互作用的地带。通过对北方地区史前石城的全面梳理,可将其划分为五个小区,各区在空间形态、建筑技术、内部结构等方面形成独有的特征。以石城为代表的聚落分布体系可以归纳为“联盟式”“多中心式”和“凝聚式”三种模式,从仰韶晚期到龙山阶段,聚落体系不断整合,最终形成稳定的、分层级的聚落分布系统。其中石城的地位也发生了转变,由普通聚落发展成为区域性中心聚落,继而成为整个北方地区的统治中心。石城既是社会复杂化的产物,同时也促进了等级的分化和社会复杂化进程的加快,在早期文明演进过程中扮演着重要角色,同时在文化交汇中也起到了重要作用。
North China is the transition zone from the Central Plain to grasslands in the north,as well as where agriculture interacts with animal husbandry.By comprehensively compiling all prehistoric stone cities in North China,we can divide them into five subzones,each with distinct characteristics in spatial pattern,architectural technology,interior structure,and other aspects.The settlement distribution systems represented by stone cities can be concluded with three modes,“alliance,”“multicenter,”and“agglomeration.”From the late Yangshao period to the Longshan period,these settlement distribution systems kept integrating and finally gave birth to one stable and multi-layered settlement distribution system.During this process,the status and role of stone cities changed,transitioning from average settlements to regional centers of settlements and eventually becoming the center of ruling for the whole of North China.Stone cities are the result of social complexity,boost social stratification,and further accelerate the process of social complication.They play a pivotal role in the early stage of civilizational evolution and in the process of cultural exchange.
作者
常璐
CHANG Lu(China Agriculture Museum)
出处
《中华民族共同体研究》
2023年第4期132-144,M0009,共14页
Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies
关键词
北方地区
史前石城
聚落分布模式
文明进程
文化交汇
North China
prehistoric stone city
settlement distribution system
civilizing process
cultural exchange
