技能堆栈:促进个体高质量技能发展的新思维被引量：5

Skill Stacking: New Thinking to Facilitate the Creation of High-Quality Skills in Individuals

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摘要 “工业4.0”和技术创新持续推动社会转型,对个体适应变化的高质量技能发展提出更高要求。“技能堆栈”可作为理解技能形成和发展的新思维,为解决社会需求与技能培养脱节的问题提供裨益。从堆栈的思维视角来看,个体技能的形成可分为顺应、变革与创生三个层级,分别与基于场景、跳出场景和改变场景相对应,呈现出基于堆栈、跳出堆栈和改变堆栈的技能形成逻辑。个体的观察、聚焦、互动、内化、回馈等外显行为决定着技能的演进阶段,顺应、变革、创生等内隐行为则决定着技能的进化层次,两者的结合可将技能划分为15种类型,最终指向更为高阶和复杂的精异型技能。个体的技能堆栈结构需要不断调整和发展,进而满足其持续变化的技能需求。因此,为促进个体高质量技能的发展,需要运用数字技术营造真实场景以助于技能创生,注重优化技能堆栈以培养具备综合技能的“斜杠人才”,并聚焦社会发展需求以促进个体技能的融通与反哺。 “Industry 4.0”and technological innovation continue to promote social transformation,placing higher requirements on the development of high-quality skills for individuals to adapt to changes.The“skill stacking”can be used as a new thinking of understanding the formation and development of skills and can provide benefits for solving the disconnection between social needs and skill cultivation.From the perspective of stack thinking,the formation of individual skills can be divided into three levels:adaptation,revolution and creation,corresponding to scene-based,scene-disengaging and scene-changing respectively,and showing the skill formation logic based on the stack,off the stack and changing the stack.The individual’s explicit behaviors such as observation,focusing,interaction,internalization and feedback determine the evolution stage of skills,while the implicit behaviors such as adaptation,revolution and creation determine the evolution level of skills.The combination of the two can divide skills into 15 types,and eventually point to more advanced and complex refined skills.The skill stacking structure of individuals needs to be constantly adjusted and developed to meet the changing skill needs.Therefore,in order to promote the development of individual’s high-quality skills,it is necessary to use digital technology to create real scenarios to help skill creation,pay attention to optimize the skill stack to cultivate“compound slash talent”with comprehensive skills,and focus on social development needs to promote the integration and feedback of individual skills.

作者祝思璇祝智庭沈书生 ZHU Sixuan;ZHU Zhiting;SHEN shusheng

机构地区南京师范大学教育科学学院华东师范大学开放教育学院

出处《现代远程教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第6期60-65,101,共7页 Modern Distance Education Research

基金全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度国家一般课题“适应性学习空间支持下的学习范式研究”(BCA190081)。

关键词技能堆栈堆栈思维技能形成技能创生技能划分 Skill Stacking Stack Thinking Skill Formation Skill Creation Skill Division

分类号 G434 [文化科学—教育学]