精准扶贫帮扶项目的减贫成效及其对后扶贫时代贫困治理的启示——基于贫困脆弱性视角被引量：10

The Impact of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy and Its Implications for Poverty Governance in China's Post-poverty Era:From the Perspective of Vulnerability to Poverty

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摘要在后扶贫时代,降低农户贫困脆弱性是巩固脱贫攻坚成果、防止规模性返贫的关键。本文基于2014—2020年秦巴山区集中连片特困地区3个贫困县的建档立卡贫困户数据,构建“反事实对照”测量并比较精准扶贫时期有无帮扶项目情境下农户贫困脆弱性的动态变化,解析了不同类别帮扶项目对农户贫困脆弱性的影响及其异质性。结果发现,2014—2020年样本地区农户的贫困脆弱性快速下降。与无帮扶项目情境相比,有帮扶项目情境下农户家庭贫困脆弱性下降更快,且2020年新冠肺炎疫情的冲击并未使当年样本农户贫困脆弱性出现较大波动。实证结果表明,直接增收类、提升生产性基础设施水平类、提升人力资本类和易地扶贫搬迁四类发展型项目,以及非直接增收的保障类项目均通过直接或者间接提升农户生计资本显著降低农户贫困脆弱性。同时,各类项目的影响也因致贫原因不同存在异质性。易地扶贫搬迁项目可能增加因病或因残致贫家庭的贫困脆弱性,但非直接增收的保障类项目对降低该类家庭的贫困脆弱性有更好作用。提升人力资本类项目对缺技术致贫家庭有更好的效果。基于上述发现,本文提出了后扶贫时代建立贫困“事前”预警机制并采取针对性措施防止规模性返贫的政策建议。 Reducing households'vulnerability to poverty is key to consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and preventing people from falling back into poverty in large numbers.Using data of registered poor households in three counties from Qin-ba contiguous poor mountainous areas,this paper measures the dynamic changes in poor households'vulnerability to poverty from 2014 to 2020 and compares with a counterfactual group without any targeted poverty alleviation programs.We also examine the effects and heterogeneity of different poverty alleviation programs,classified into seven subgroups by their goals and ways to reduce poverty,on reducing households'vulnerability.Results show that households'vulnerability to poverty declined rapidly from 2014 to 2020.Four types of development-oriented programs—direct labor income improvement,productive infrastructure enhancement,human capital improvement,and poverty alleviation relocationand one type of security-oriented program without direct cash transfer are found to have long-term positive effects.At the same time,the relocation program has a negative impact on poor households caused by illness and disabilities,but the human capital improvement program additionally benefits poor households caused by a lack of skills.In the new era,we suggest to set up a warning system to households'vulnerability to poverty so that targeted policies can be applied to prevent the return to poverty.

作者刘慧迪苏岚岚易红梅 LIU Huidi;SU Lanlan;YI Hongmei

机构地区北京大学现代农学院

出处《农业技术经济》北大核心 2023年第9期105-125,共21页 Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目“习近平总书记贫困治理的思想和实践研究”(编号:19ZDA002)。

关键词精准扶贫帮扶项目贫困脆弱性事前贫困治理 Targeted poverty alleviation Poverty alleviation programs Vulnerability to poverty Ex-ante Poverty governance

分类号 F323.8 [经济管理—产业经济]