摘要
为探究突发事故情境中认知心理对应急决策的影响,提高个体应急处置能力,采用认知心理学中加工分离范式,设计再认试验来量化内隐记忆水平。开展应急决策行为模拟试验,测试应急决策的反应时间和行为选择,并通过反应时和准确率来评价其应急决策能力,进一步对比不同内隐记忆水平当事人应急决策行为结果差异,分析内隐记忆驱动下应急决策行为的过程特性及自动化产生机制。结果表明:内隐记忆能够对应急决策的信息感知、认知加工和行为选择过程产生影响;相较于内隐记忆较低的被试群体,内隐记忆较高的被试应急反应速度更快,应急行为选择的准确性更高;当事人在危险感知的启动阶段,通过无意识提取相关记忆,能够快速响应;在认知加工阶段,消耗较少的注意资源,表现出一定程度的自动化行为特征,减少自我损耗,从而增强应急决策情绪状态的稳定性,减少冒险行为。
In order to explore the influence of cognitive psychology on emergency decision-making in the context of sudden accidents and improve individual's emergency response ability,a re-recognition test was designed to measure implicit memory levels by using the task dissociation framework in cognitive psychology.An emergency decision-making behavior simulation experiment was conducted to test response time and behavioral choices,and to evaluate emergency decision-making abilities based on reaction time and accuracy.By comparing the differences between individuals with different implicit memory levels in emergency decision-making behavior,the process characteristics and automatic generation mechanisms of emergency decision-making behavior driven by implicit memory were analyzed.The results show that implicit memory can affect the information perception,cognitive processing,and behavioral selection processes of emergency decision-making.Compared to individuals with low implicit memory,those with high implicit memory have faster emergency response speed and higher accuracy in the choice of emergency behavior.During the initiation of danger perception,they respond rapidly through unconscious extraction of relevant memories.And they consume less attention resources during cognitive processing,exhibiting certain characteristics of automated behavior and reducing self-damage,thereby enhancing the stability of the individual's emotional state in emergency decision-making situations and reducing risk-taking behavior.
作者
韩豫
李家猛
顾婧
HAN Yu;LI Jiameng;GU Jing(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013,China;School of Emergency Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期234-239,共6页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(72071097)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助(20YJAZH034)
江苏大学应急管理学院专项科研项目(KY-B-10)。
关键词
突发事故
内隐记忆
应急决策行为
自动化行为
认知资源
加工分离范式
sudden aceidents
implicit memory
emergency decision-making behavior
automated behavior
cognitive resources
processing separation paradigm
