摘要
针对现有王草收获机作业时农艺匹配性差、配套动力不足等问题,优化设计了一款履带自走式王草收获机专用底盘;基于减少割茬碾压、低速平稳收割的作业要求,设计了行走装置与无级变速驱动装置;根据小地块、缓坡地的地形特征,设计和选型了液压助力转向系统与车架。开展了整机的稳定性分析及性能试验,结果显示:王草收获机底盘的最高行驶速度为9.02 km/h,最小转弯半径为1 349 mm,最大爬坡度为26°;在横向倾角为15°~16°的坡地等高线行驶时无侧滑、倾翻现象;在坡度为10°~12°的纵向坡道,沿上、下坡方向可靠停驻时间均大于5 min;在坡度为8°~9°的缓坡地作业时可实现速度0~4.19 km/h无级变速,动力充足且运行平稳,王草的平均割茬碾压率为7.43%。研究表明,设计的履带自走式王草收获机底盘能够满足小地块、缓坡地王草机械化收获作业要求。
King grass is a perennial hybrid pennisetum with cluster rooting and high stem.It has good feeding value,but it is difficult to harvest mechanization.Aiming at the problems of poor agronomic matching and insufficient supporting power in the operation of the existing king grass harvester,a selfpropelled tracked chassis of the king grass harvester was designed.According to the work requirements of reducing stubble rolling and speed stable harvesting,the walking and stepless variable speed driving device were designed.The hydraulic power steering system and frame were designed and selected based on the terrain features of small plots and gentle slopes.The stability performance was analyzed,and the whole machine was tested.The results showed that the maximum driving speed of the chassis was 9.02 km/h.Its minimum turning radius was 1349 mm,and the maximum climb was 26°.The whole machine had no side slip and tipping phenomenon when driving on the contour line of the lateral slope of 15°~16°.The time of reliable parking along the uphill and downhill directions on the longitudinal slope of 10°~12°was more than 5 min.When harvesting in the field with a slope of 8°~9°,the whole machine can achieve a stepless speed change of 0~4.19 km/h,which had sufficient power,and ran smoothly.And the average stubble rolling rate of king grass was 7.43%.The research result showed that the designed chassis can meet the mechanized harvesting requirements of king grass planting on small plots and gentle slopes.
作者
王德成
赵彦瑞
尤泳
张学宁
王天一
李思标
WANG Decheng;ZHAO Yanrui;YOU Yong;ZHANG Xuening;WANG Tianyi;LI Sibiao(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期178-187,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2001905)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2022CXGC020704-01)
山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2021TSGC1422)。
关键词
王草收获机
底盘
履带式
缓坡地
king grass harvester
chassis
crawler
gentle sloping fields
