摘要
针对甘薯秧蔓收获过程中输送通道堵塞、功耗大、作业参数采集难等问题,研究设计了在不同喂入速度、夹持输送速度和切割速度下甘薯秧蔓收获特性试验装置。试验装置由喂入装置、割台装置和控制系统组成,喂入速度、夹持输送速度和切割速度可调整。以秧蔓收净率、切割力和切割扭矩为目标值,对喂入速度、夹持输送速比和切割速度等影响因素进行了中心组合试验和验证试验。建立了响应面数学模型,分析了各因素对作业性能的影响,同时,对影响因素进行了综合优化。试验结果表明:收净率影响显著性主次顺序为夹持输送速比、喂入速度、切割速度,切割力和切割扭矩影响显著性主次顺序为切割速度、夹持输送速比、喂入速度;其最优工作参数组合为喂入速度0.55 m/s、夹持输送速比1.48、切割速度1.50 m/s时,收净率为91.0%、切割力为152.89 N、切割扭矩为5.87 N·m,验证试验表明实测值与理论优化值误差小于5%。
Sweet potato vines grow lush,and crawl seriously,which are hard to be separated.Manual cutting of vines was characterized by high labor intensity,high cost and low efficiency,which affected the normal harvest operation.For the problems of transport device blockage,large power consumption and difficulty of collecting operating parameters in the harvest process,the sweet potato vines harvesting test bench was designed.The test bench consisted of feeding device,cutting table device and control system,and the feeding velocity,the clipping velocity and the cutting velocity can be adjusted.Sweet potato vines cleaning rate,cutting force,and cutting torque were the main indicators of evaluating the test bench.The tests were grouped the response surface tests and the verifying tests.The testing factors were the feeding velocity(ranging from 0.3 m/s to 0.8 m/s),the ratio of clipping velocity to feeding velocity(ranging from 1.03 to 1.87)and the cutting velocity(ranging from 0.96 m/s to 1.64 m/s),and five levels was set for each factor.The response surface testing scheme designed with the central composite design(CCD)method was a three-factor five-level testing scheme.The mathematical model of the response surface was established,and the influence of each factor on the bench operation performance was analyzed and optimized.The result showed that when the feeding velocity was small,the ratio of clipping velocity to feeding velocity was high and there was a moderate cutting velocity.As such,the overall impact trend of the vines cleaning rate was high.When the cutting velocity was high,the cutting force and the cutting torque was small.The feeding velocity and the ratio of clipping velocity to feeding velocity had no significant impact on the cutting force and the cutting torque.The experiment results also showed that the order of the factors affecting of the vines cleaning rate was ratio of clipping velocity,feeding velocity,and cutting velocity.The order of the main factors affecting of the cutting force and the cutting torq
作者
李涛
魏训成
姜伟
李娜
张华
周进
LI Tao;WEI Xuncheng;JIANG Wei;LI Na;ZHANG Hua;ZHOU Jin(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Ji’nan 250100,China;Huang Huai Hai Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ji’nan 250100,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第S01期166-175,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
山东省薯类产业技术体系农业机械试验站项目(SDAIT-16-13)
关键词
甘薯秧蔓
收获特性
试验台
sweet potato vines
harvesting characteristics
test bench
