摘要
目的分析山东省某三级医院大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli,ECO)的病原学特征,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。方法收集2021年山东省某三级医院从临床各种标本中检出的大肠埃希菌进行回顾性研究,菌株鉴定采用ATB检定仪,药敏实验采用K-B法进行,其操作步骤和所使用的培养基严格按照CLSI法规进行,应用统计学软件SPSS 25.0将所统计的数据进行处理,分析该院大肠埃希菌分布特点;对照细菌耐药监测网,分析大肠埃希菌耐药特点。结果该院2021年临床分离菌株以革兰阴性菌为主,其中大肠埃希菌占比29.28%,明显高于同期国家细菌耐药监测网公布的统计数据(18.96%);按科室分析,大肠埃希菌在多个科室中检出率居首位,泌尿外科占比最高(达到73.75%);按标本类型分析,尿液标本中大肠埃希菌占比最高;与细菌耐药监测网数据相比,该院大肠埃希菌对多类抗菌药物耐药率低,尤其是对第三、四代头孢菌素类和酶抑制剂复方制剂。结论医院应不断完善监测评价体系,定期检测细菌耐药变化,临床各科室需及时送检标本,参照病原学特征,合理选用抗菌药物,减少不必要的抗菌药物暴露。
Objective To examine the pathogenic traits of Escherichia coli(ECO)in a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province and to act as a guide for the clinical community in choosing antibiotics wisely.Methods For a retrospective study,the Escherichia coli was found in various clinical samples from a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province in 2021.The strain identification was carried out using the ATB tester,and the drug sensitivity test was carried out using the K-B method.The operation steps and the culture medium used were carried out in strict accordance with CLSI regulations.The statistical software SPSS 25.0 was used to process the statistical data and analyze the distribution characteristics of Escherichia coli in the hospital;The drug resistance characteristics of Escherichia coli were analyzed according to the bacterial drug resistance monitoring network.Results In 2021,the clinical isolates of the hospital were mainly gram-negative bacteria,of which Escherichia coli accounted for 29.28%,significantly higher than the statistical data published by the National Bacterial Drug Resistance Monitoring Network(18.96%)in the same period;According to the analysis of departments,the detection rate of Escherichia coli ranked first among many departments,and the proportion of urology was the highest(73.75%);According to the type of samples,the proportion of Escherichia coli in urine samples is the highest;Compared with the data of bacterial drug resistance monitoring network,the drug resistance rate of Escherichia coli in the hospital is low,especially for the third and fourth generation cephalosporins and enzyme inhibitor compound preparations.Conclusion The hospital should continuously enhance the monitoring and evaluation system,routinely spot changes in bacterial drug resistance,and clinical departments should promptly submit samples for analysis.They should also make reference to the characteristics of etiology,select antibacterial drugs sensibly,and minimize unnecessary antibacterial drug exposure.
作者
邱波
田延猛
谷凯
Qiu Bo;Tian Yan-meng;Gu Kai(Department of Clinical Pharmacy,Jinan Third People's Hospital,Jinan 250132)
出处
《国外医药（抗生素分册）》
CAS
2023年第4期236-240,共5页
World Notes on Antibiotics
基金
济南市第三人民医院科技计划项目(2021-28)。
关键词
大肠埃希菌
分布
耐药性
合理用药
药动学/药效学
监测评价体系
Escherichia coli
distribution
drug resistance
rational drug use
pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics
monitoring and evaluation system
