摘要
目的了解北京市海淀区家庭空调及淋浴水卫生状况,为改善室内空气质量提供参考。方法在海淀区选取5个社区,入户采集家庭淋浴水水样检测嗜肺军团菌,采集空调过滤网涂抹样品检测细菌总数和真菌总数,并完成家庭空调及淋浴水健康危险因素问卷调查。结果116件家庭淋浴水水样嗜肺军团菌检出率为2.59%,热水器定期清洗率为14.66%,清洗消毒率为0,社区居民对淋浴水可引起军团菌病的知晓率为42.24%。116件空调过滤网涂抹样品细菌总数合格60件,合格率51.72%(95%CI:42.49%~60.95%)。真菌总数合格61件,合格率52.58%(95%CI:43.36%~61.81%)。空调清洗率为63.79%(95%CI:54.92%~72.67%),清洗消毒率为24.32%(95%CI:14.32%~34.33%)。空调过滤网不洁会引起鼻炎相关症状或疾病的知晓率为60.24%(95%CI:51.31%~69.38%)。结论海淀区家庭空调及淋浴水卫生状况值得关注,建议加强社区健康宣教工作,减少居民在家庭生活中对嗜肺军团菌以及空调致病微生物的暴露。
Objective To understand the sanitary conditions of air condition and shower water in families in Haidian district of Beijing,and to provide reference for improving indoor air quality.Methods The households of five communities in Haidian district were selected.The Legionella pneumophila in shower water samples,and total of bacteria and fungi in air conditioning filter samples were detected.The questionnaire on health risk factors of household shower water and air condition was also completed.Results The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila in 116 samples of shower water was 2.59%,the regular cleaning rate and the disinfection rate of water heater were 14.66%and 0,respectively.The rate of awareness that shower water can cause legionella disease was 42.24%.The qualified rate of total bacterial count was 51.72%(95%CI:42.49%-60.95%),and the qualified rate of total fungal count was 52.58%(95%CI:43.36%-61.81%).The cleaning rate of air conditioner was 63.79%(95%CI:54.92%-72.67%),and the disinfection rate was 24.32%(95%CI:14.32%-34.33%).The awareness rate that the unclean air conditioning filter would cause nasal congestion and other symptoms was 60.34%(95%CI:51.31%-69.38%).Conclusions There are potential health risks associated with household shower water and air condition in Haidian district.Health education and management should be strengthened,so as to reduce the household exposure to Legionella pneumophila and microbiological pollution of air conditioners.
作者
胡咏梅
陈海平
HU Yongmei;CHEN Haiping(Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2023年第4期236-239,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
淋浴水
空调
嗜肺军团菌
Shower water
Air condition
Legionella pneumophila
