摘要
【目的】杜梨是新疆梨产区广泛应用的砧木,但其对梨火疫病的抗性较差。探究杜梨实生后代的遗传多样性和抗病性,对后续杜梨分子水平上遗传多样性的分析以及抗病基因的挖掘具有重要意义。【方法】对人工培育的196份杜梨实生苗的19个质量性状和6个数量性状进行形态遗传多样性分析,采用室内人工接种梨火疫病菌的方法进行种质的抗病性鉴定,并结合田间发病情况进行综合评价。【结果】19个质量性状中裂刻、刺芒、叶背茸毛、托叶、针刺这5个性状的遗传较为稳定,其他14个性状的变异系数在2.33%~57.03%之间,遗传多样性指数在0.03~1.20之间,叶尖性状变异系数最大(57.03%),叶缘的变异系数最小(2.33%);6个数量性状的变异系数在11.14%~22.27%之间,遗传多样性指数在1.95~2.07之间,叶面积的变异系数最大(22.27%),叶形指数和叶长的变异系数相对较低,分别为11.14%和11.73%,数量性状表型遗传多样性相对更为丰富。抗病性鉴定筛选出4个抗病材料和10个中抗材料。田间发病规律表现为童期发病程度较轻,进入开花期后发病程度加重较快,树势越强,发病率越高,发病程度越重。【结论】研究结果为进一步探讨杜梨种质多样性、开展抗梨火疫病砧木育种和挖掘相关抗病基因奠定了材料基础。
【Objective】Pyrus betulifolia Bunge is widely used as a rootstock for pears in Xinjiang due to its deep root system,drought resistance,waterlogging resistance,cold resistance,salinity resistance and other characteristics.In recent years,pear fire blight has been spreading rapidly in Xinjiang and become a major threat to the development of characteristic forestry and fruit industry in Xinjiang,especially to the Kuerlexiang Li pear industry in the south of Xinjiang.P.betulifolia and Kuerlexiang Li pear are of poor resistance to pear fire blight.Germplasm resources are the important material basis for pear breeding,production,as well as scientific research.Studying the genetic diversity and disease resistance of the seedling offsprings of P.betulifolia is important for the subsequent research in the genetic diversity of P.betulifolia at molecular level and the excavation of disease-resistant genes.【Methods】The morphological genetic diversity analysis of 19 qualitative traits and 6 quantitative traits of 196 cultivated P.betulifolia seedlings were conducted.Seedling resistance was identified by artificial inoculation with pear fire blight fungus,and the comprehensive evaluation was combined with the field disease investigation.【Results】Leaves of P.betulifolia seedlings were more diversified in morphological characters.Leaf shape ranged from ovate,elliptic,to lanceolate.The shape of leaf base was narrowly to broadly wedge-shaped,round,or truncate.The leaf apex was broadly to narrowly acuate.The leaf margin was mostly acutely serrate.All the 196 samples investigated showed no lobe,no seta on leaf margin,no pubescence on the back of mature leaf,no stipules,and no thorn.The leaf shape was mainly ovate(84.18%);the shape of leaf base was mainly wide wedge-shaped and wedge-shaped(55.10%and 30.61%,respectively);the shape of leaf apex was mainly broadly or narrowly acuate(45.92%and 47.96%,respectively);the leaf margin was mainly serrate(serration)(99.49%).The status of leaf surface was mainly enclasped(60.71%),and
作者
蒋媛
位杰
王岩
李永丰
谢宏江
崔龙
JIANG Yuan;WEI Jie;WANG Yan;LI Yongfeng;XIE Hongjiang;CUI Long(Agricultural Scientific Institute of 2nd Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tiemenguan 841005,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2204-2213,共10页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
自治区“天山英才”培养计划科技创新人才项目
兵团财政科技计划项目(2022CB005-01)
第二师铁门关市科技计划项目(2021NYGG01)。
关键词
杜梨
实生苗
遗传多样性
火疫病
抗病性
鉴定评价
Pyrus betulifolia Bunge
Seedlings
Genetic diversity
Fire blight
Disease resistance
Identification evaluation
