摘要
共犯思维下的帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪不仅理论基础存在疑问,而且司法实践问题丛生。应当借鉴非共犯立场下的正犯性观点,确立区别于共同犯罪的“参与犯罪”类型。“参与犯罪”有三个核心特征:罪名的兜底性、参与的条件性、行为的独立性。帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪中的构成要件行为原本就不是上下游关联犯罪的共犯,如果刑法分则没有规定,其本身并不构成犯罪,是无罪行为。从“参与犯罪”角度来看,“提供行为本身的非法性”才是“明知”的核心内容。“他人利用信息网络实施犯罪”只不过是构成本罪的客观条件,只需证明其客观存在,无需认识。想象竞合问题只会发生在帮信罪与“以提供行为作为构成要件行为”的罪名之间。
The co-conspirator mindset in information network crime,viewed from the perspective of an accomplice,not only lacks a solid theoretical foundation but also poses several challenges in judicial practice.It is necessary to adopt a principal crime approach rather than treating it as a mere accomplice offense.This calls for the establishment of a distinct category termed“crime participation”,which differs from joint crime.The“crime participation”encompasses three core characteristics:The understatement of charges,the condition of participation,and the independence of behavior.The constitutive element of the crime of assisting in information network crime does not rely on being an accomplice to the upstream or downstream crimes.If the criminal law provisions do not explicitly define it as a crime,it does not constitute an offense and should be considered innocent behavior.From the perspective of“crime participation”,the core aspect of“knowledge”lies in“providing the illegality of the act itself”.The phrase“others using the information network to commit crimes”merely serves as the objective condition of the offense,requiring only the proof of its objective existence without the necessity of knowledge.The issue of imaginary concurrence can only arise between the aid and abet cybercrime and the crime where“providing acts”form constitutive elements.
作者
刘方可
LIU Fang-ke(Law School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)
出处
《山东行政学院学报》
2023年第5期52-60,共9页
Journal of Shandong Academy of Governance
基金
国家社科基金项目“风险社会背景下行政犯扩张及其适用限缩研究”(19BFX061)
2021年度湖南省教育厅研究生科研创新项目“罪错未成年人专门矫治教育研究”(CX20210552)。
关键词
共犯思维
参与犯罪
帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪
网络犯罪
Co-conspirator Mindset
Crime Participation
Aiding and Abetting Cybercrime
Cybercrime
