摘要
目的:运用等时替代模型模拟不同体力活动相互替代后,评估体力活动对隐形肥胖大学生身体成分及身体素质产生的效应量,为探寻该人群健康收益最大化的最佳时间配比提供参考。方法:对107名大学生进行横断面调查,通过Inbody230确定身体成分,根据BMI(18.5~23.9 kg/m^(2))和体脂百分比(BF%)将受试者分为正常体重非肥胖组和正常体重肥胖组(即隐形肥胖,男性:BF%>20%,女性:BF%>30%)。获得握力、纵跳、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立、5×5 m折返跑、安徒生测试等身体素质测试指标。采用ActiGraph GT3X加速度计测量久坐(Sedentary Behavior,SB)、低强度体力活动(Light Physical Activity,LPA)、中强度体力活动(Moderate Physical Activity,MPA)和高强度体力活动(Vigorous Physical Activity,VPA)时间。运用单因素模型、分配模型和等时替代模型评估不同体力活动时间对身体成分及身体素质效应量的影响。结果:(1)LPA与体脂百分比(b=-0.616)、5×5 m折返跑用时(b=-0.081)呈负相关,与握力(b=0.650)呈正相关,MPA与体脂百分比(b=-1.211)呈负相关,VPA与平衡素质(b=185.391)、柔韧性(b=11.696~27.143)呈正相关(P<0.05)。(2)LPA替代SB后,正常体重非肥胖大学生握力(b=-0.719)、5×5 m折返跑用时(b=-0.126)减小,隐形肥胖大学生体脂百分比(b=-0.585)降低(P<0.05)。(3)MPA替代LPA后,正常体重非肥胖大学生体脂百分比(b=-1.137)降低(P<0.05)。(4)VPA替代SB后,所有组别大学生柔韧性(b=13.070~29.110)提高(P<0.05)。结论:LPA替代SB有效改善隐形肥胖大学生体成分,正常体重非肥胖大学生则通过MPA替代LPA产生减脂效益。LPA替代SB有效提高隐形肥胖大学生的握力、平衡、柔韧素质,VPA对增强其柔韧性效果尤为突出。正常体重非肥胖大学生若将SB调整为LPA亦有利于改善握力、速度和灵敏素质。大学生应关注一天中不同强度体力活动时间占比的合理分配,特别是隐形肥胖大学生需注重
The study aimed to assess the specific effect of physical activity on the body composition and physical fitness for normal weight obese collegiate students by simulating different physical activities as substitutes for each other using an isochronous substitution model.The purpose was to provide reference for exploring the optimal time ration to maximized health benefits.A cross-sectional survey of 107 collegiate students was conducted to obtain body composition by Inbody230.The students were divided into normal weight non-obese and normal weight obese groups based on BMI(18.5~23.9 kg/m^(2))and body fat percentage(BF%)(Masked Obesity,males:BF%>20%,females:BF%>30%).Physical fitness including grip strength,countermovement jump,seated forward bend,standing on one foot with eyes closed,5×5-m shuttle run test and Andersen test were collected.The ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer was used to measure Sedentary Behaviour(SB),Light Physical Activity(LPA),Moderate Physical Activity(MPA)and Vigorous Physical Activity(VPA).Univariate,distributional and isochronous substitution models were used to evaluate the effect of different physical activity durations on the amount of body composition and physical fitness effect.The results showed that LPA was negatively associated with body fat percentage(b=-0.616),5×5-m shuttle run test(b=-0.081)and was positively associated with grip strength(b=0.650).MPA was negatively associated with body fat percentage(b=-1.211),VPA was positively correlated with balance(b=185.391)and flexibility(b=11.696~27.143)(P<0.05).When LPA replaced SB,grip strength(b=-0.719)and time spent in 5×5-m shuttle run test(b=-0.126)decreased in normal weight non-obese collegiate students,and body fat percentage percentage(b=-0.585)decreased in normal weight obese collegiate students(P<0.05).The percentage of body fat(b=-1.137)decreased after MPA replaced LPA in normal weight non-obese students(P<0.05).(4)Flexibility(b=13.070~29.110)increased in all groups of collegiate students after VPA replaced SB(P<0.05).It could b
作者
柔荣荣
吉丽慧
张美珍
ROU Rongrong;JI Lihui;ZHANG Meizhen(College of P.E.,Taiyuan Univ.of Tech.,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《武汉体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第10期63-72,91,共11页
Journal of Wuhan Sports University
基金
新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021050026)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJA890034)
山西省基础研究计划自由探索类项目(202103021224109)
太原理工大学学科建设经费资助(2023)。
关键词
运动生理学
隐形肥胖
身体素质
身体成分
体力活动
等时替代模型
sports psychology
normal weight obesity
physical fitness
body composition
physical activity
isochronous substitution model
