摘要
大数据给旅游研究带来新的机遇,但现有研究只是将大数据作为一种新工具去认识传统意义上的旅游现象,遮蔽了数据背后的社会生产过程和社会影响。在梳理与反思已有研究的基础上,文章指出信息通信技术及大数据改造了整个旅游现象,旅游大数据研究应将数据置于以行动者为导向的社会表征实践中,关注主体与地方以及主体之间的数据生产过程和功能,以揭示数据的意义、情感、身份、价值等。文章一方面探讨了游客社会表征与地方的关系如目的地形象、旅游产品等,另一方面考察了游客社会表征对旅游行为和旅游体验的影响。此外,文章在大数据背景下对旅游经典理论如旅游凝视、阈限理论等进行了重新审视。旅游大数据重构了我们的知识构成、研究过程、思维方式,今后研究需综合运用旅游学、社会学、地理学等多学科知识,加强对数据的社会情境和作用机制的理解,以拓展旅游大数据研究的边界和想象力。
Big data has become a new data source and analysis method for understanding tourism phenomena,bringing new opportunities to tourism research.The existing tourism big data research mainly focuses on providing basic data support for tourism management innovation,exploring tourist behavior patterns,and tourism experiences and so on.These research on big data in tourism,however,sees big data only as a collection of objective,value-neutral data,which separates data from complex social life and neglects the social situation,the psychology of consumption,and the process of cultural production generated.This article attempts to reflect on the application of the methods and interpretation of research findings in the study of big data in tourism,introducing the social representation perspective of big data,seeing big data as outcome of people's representational practice,sorting out new tourist phenomena and theoretical expansion from a social representation perspective,and highlight the tourism development opportunities and directions brought by big data.The article highlights that information and communication technologies and big data have transformed the whole tourism phenomenon,and tourism big data research should focus on social representation of the interaction between the subject and the place,and between the subjects,in order to reveal the meaning,emotion,identity,and value of data.On the one hand,the article discusses the relationship between tourists'social representation and place.On the other hand,it examines the relationship between subjects,such as the impact of social representation of tourists on tourism behavior and tourism experience.In addition,the rapid development and dynamic characteristics of technology mean that most tourism theories have not considered the new tourism culture phenomenon under the background of big data,and the theoretical explanatory power and applicability need to be re-examined under the new technology conditions.
作者
张大钊
赵振斌
高杨
ZHANG Da-zhao;ZHAO Zhen-bin;GAO Yang(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)
出处
《人文地理》
北大核心
2023年第4期26-33,130,共9页
Human Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41971227,42201245)
陕西省科技计划重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-029)。
关键词
大数据
社会表征
旅游研究
ICTS
big data
social representation
tourism research
ICTs
