摘要
为探究工厂化循环水养殖条件下不同规格大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)各组织的脂类组成特点,本文选取4种不同规格大西洋鲑(体质量分别为0.89 kg(S1)、1.96 kg(S2)、4.41 kg(S3)和5.75 kg(S4)),分别测定其肝脏、肾脏和肌肉(背肌、腹肌、尾肌)的总脂、胆固醇、甘油三酯和脂肪酸的含量,并结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)对大西洋鲑的不同组织和不同规格进行了区分。研究显示,大西洋鲑肌肉总脂含量随规格增大而降低;肝脏、腹肌的胆固醇和甘油三酯含量均随规格增大而升高,这表明脂类组成含量随规格增大呈现不同趋势。4种规格大西洋鲑脂肪酸16:0、18:1 n-9、18:2 n-6的总和在肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中占比均超过50%,这表明大西洋鲑在生长过程中对上述脂肪酸的需求较高。通过结合脂类组成和PCA分析,可有效区分肝脏和肌肉,且不受规格影响;采用脂类组成和OPLS-DA模型相结合的方式,可有效区分大西洋鲑的不同规格。综上所述,脂类组成和多元统计相结合可有效区分工厂化循环水养殖的不同规格大西洋鲑。
To explore the characteristics of lipid composition in tissues of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)in different sizes and under recirculating aquaculture system,four different sizes of Atlantic salmon(body mass)(0.89 kg,S1;1.96 kg,S2;4.41 kg,S3;5.75 kg,S4)were selected to determine the total lipid,cholesterol,triglyceride and fatty acid contents in liver,kidney and muscles(dorsal,abdominal and tail),respectively.Furthermore,principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were combined to distinguish the different tissues and sizes.Results showed that the total lipid content of Atlantic salmon muscle decreased with the increase of sizes.The contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver and abdominal muscle increased with the increase of sizes.These findings indicated that the content of lipid components varied in different trends with the increase of sizes.The 16:0,18:1 n-9 and 18:2 n-6 of the four sizes of Atlantic salmon accounted for more than 50%in liver,kidney and muscle,indicating that the above fatty acids are highly needed during growth.By combining lipid composition and PCA,the liver and muscle can be effectively distinguished without the interference of fish sizes.The combination of lipid composition and OPLS-DA model can effectively distinguish the sizes of Atlantic salmon.To sum up,the combination of lipid composition and multivariate statistics can effectively distinguish the sizes of Atlantic salmon cultured in recirculating aquaculture system.
作者
杨小刚
顾靖媛
董暄
王鹏
黄铭
王杰
高勤峰
董云伟
周演根
Yang Xiaogang;Gu Jingyuan;Dong Xuan;Wang Peng;Huang Ming;Wang Jie;Gao Qinfeng;Dong Yunwei;Zhou Yangen(Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期33-46,共14页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0901000)
国家自然科学基金项目(31872575)
山东省重点研究发展项目(2021SFGC0701)资助。
关键词
大西洋鲑
循环水养殖
规格
组织
脂类
多元统计
Atlantic salmon
recirculating aquaculture
sizes
tissues
lipid
multivariate statistics
