摘要
贵金属电接触材料广泛应用于电子、电器、航空、航天等领域中,其中银基电接触材料因具有优异的电接触性能和较低的价格,是贵金属电接触材料中用途最广的电接触材料。稀土因具有特殊的物理化学性质,使其在材料研究领域有着“工业维他命”的称谓。通过往银中添加少量稀土不仅能提升银合金的力学性能,还可提高材料的耐电弧烧蚀性、抗熔焊能力、抗氧化能力等电接触性能。本文总结了银稀土电接触材料的主要种类、制备方法、添加稀土数目,及稀土对组织结构和电学性能的影响。介绍了银稀土电接触材料性能的部分测试方法,最后提出了银稀土电接触材料研究中待解决问题和研究发展趋势。
Precious metal electrical contact materials are widely used in electronics,electrical appliances,aviation,aerospace and other fields,among which silver-based ones are the most important because of its excellent electrical contact performance and low price.Rare earths have the title of‘industrial vitamins’in the field of material research,owing to their special physical and chemical properties.Adding a small amount of rare earths to silver can not only improve the mechanical properties of silver alloy,but also enhance the electrical contact properties such as arc ablation resistance,melting welding resistance,and oxidation resistance.The present paper summarizes the main types of silver-based rare earth electrical contact materials,preparation methods,number of rare earths added,and the effects of rare earths on microstructure and electrical properties.And then some test methods for the properties are introduced.Finally,the problems to be solved and research development trends in this material field are proposed.
作者
邱乐祺
徐明玥
王塞北
陈松
张巧
谢明
马超
QIU Leqi;XU Mingyue;WANG Saibei;CHEN Song;ZHANG Qiao;XIE Ming;MA Chao(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals,Kunming Institute of Precious Metals,Kunming 650106,China;Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650106,China)
出处
《贵金属》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第3期67-75,共9页
Precious Metals
基金
云南省稀贵金属材料基因工程(202002AB080001-6)
国家自然科学基金(51767011,U1602275)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0305700)。
关键词
金属材料
银基材料
稀土元素
电接触
metallic materials
silver-based material
rare earth elements
electrical contact
