摘要
样品中各元素原位、微区、高分辨率的空间分布特征具有现实而重要的研究意义.在生物样品中,元素原位空间分布特征可以作为生理过程的指示指标,揭示代谢途径,并可反映周围环境特征对生物体的影响方式.在地质样品中,元素原位空间分布特征可以作为矿产评估依据,也可作为研究环境地球化学变化过程的重要指标.目前常用的几种微区元素原位分布特征测试技术包括:微区XRF技术(µXRF)、同步辐射技术(SR)、能谱电子显微镜联用技术(EM-EDS)、电子探针技术(EP)、激光剥蚀联用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(LA-ICP-MS)、激光诱导击穿等离子发射光谱技术(LIBS)等.根据其测试原理,这些技术在是否无损、是否定量检测、适合样品类型和大小、前处理方式复杂程度、检出限高低、分辨率大小等方面存在差异.介绍和总结了当前主流的微区原位元素分布检测技术,分析比较了各种技术的优缺点及其适用的样品类型和应用范围,对标准样品的选择、数据校准处理及可视化成图等方案进行初步探讨,为相关的科研分析工作提供技术参考.
The in situ,micro-area and high-resolution spatial distribution characteristics of elements in the samples are of practical and important research significance.In biological samples,the in situ spatial distribution characteristics of elements can be used as indicators of physiological processes,reveal metabolic pathways,and reflect the ways in which environmental characteristics affect organisms.In geological samples,the in situ spatial distribution characteristics of elements can be used as a basis for mineral evaluation and an important indicator for studying the process of environmental geochemical changes.At present,several commonly used techniques for measuring the in situ distribution characteristics of elements in micro-areas include:micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(µXRF),synchrotron radiation technology(SR),electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry(EM-EDS),electron probe technology(EP),laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS),laser induced breakdown plasma emission spectroscopy(LIBS),etc.Based on the principle of testing samples,these technologies differ in many aspects such as non-destructive testing,quantitative testing,suitable sample type and size,complexity of pre-treatment methods,detection limits and resolution,and so on.The current mainstream of the micro-area in situ element distribution detection techniques were introduced and summarized,the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques and their applicable sample types and application ranges were analyzed and compared.The selection of standard samples,data calibration and processing and visualization into maps were discussed for the first time,which provides a technical reference for related scientific research and analysis work.
作者
林梵宇
尹希杰
刘建鑫
孙延鑫
LIN Fanyu;YIN Xijie;LIU Jianxin;SUN Yanxin(Third Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Xiamen 361005,Fujian China;Zhoushan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Marine Geo-hazards,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266237,China)
出处
《分析测试技术与仪器》
CAS
2023年第3期245-260,共16页
Analysis and Testing Technology and Instruments
基金
中国地质调查局舟山海洋地质灾害野外科学观测研究站开放基金(编号:ZSORS-22-10)
国家自然科学基金项目(42176057),海洋甲烷拦截带对冷泉流体的消耗研究:来自南海东沙海域的观测与研究
国家自然科学基金项目(41976050),台风对泉州湾入海污染物“从源到汇”过程的影响研究。
关键词
微区
元素分布
生物样品
地质样品
micro-area
element distribution
biological sample
geological sample
