摘要
目的:调查重庆市垫江县中小学生近视现状,分析其影响因素,为中小学生近视防控提供参考依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,于2021年9—10月在垫江县辖区内抽取小学学校2所、初中学校2所、高中学校1所在校学生,共获得有效样本2981人,由专业人员对其进行视力和屈光检查。利用logistic回归分析模型分析中小学生近视的影响因素。结果:共调查2981人,近视1492人,近视率为50.05%;其中女生近视率(52.32%)高于男生(48.09%);小学生近视率为35.70%,初中生近视率为63.92%,高中生近视率为86.52%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别为男性(OR=0.829)、不住校(OR=0.299)、座位每周调换一次(OR=0.919)、课间在户外活动(OR=0.840)、父母提醒读写姿势(OR=0.628)是近视的保护因素;阳光直射下用眼(OR=1.362)、近距离用眼、过长时间休息一次眼睛(OR=1.148)是近视的危险因素。结论:垫江县中小学生近视率处于较高水平,应尽早采取相应干预措施,特别是要改变学生不良的用眼习惯,从而减少学生近视的发生。
OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Dianji⁃ang of Chongqing in 2021 and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference basis for prevention and control of myopia among primary and secondary school students.METHODS Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select students from 5 pri⁃mary and secondary schools in Dianjiang County,2981 students were selected from 2 primary schools,2 junior middle schools and 1 senior high school from September to October 2021.A special survey on the factors affecting poor vision was carried out on the se⁃lected students,and examnation of distant vision and dioptroscopy were carried out by professional staff.The influencing factors of myopia among primary and secondary school students were analyzed by Logistic Regression Analysis Model.RESULTS A total of 2981 people were monitored in this survey,and 1492 people were detected with myopia.The total prevalence of myopia was 50.05%,of which female students(52.32%)were higher than male students(48.09%),primary students(35.70%),junior middle school students(63.92%)and junior high school students(86.52%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male sex(OR=0.829),non campus(OR=0.299),seat change once a week(OR=0.919),outdoor activities during recess(OR=0.840),and parents’reminding reading and writing posture(OR=0.628)were protective factors for myopia;Eye use in direct sunlight(OR=1.362)and eye use in close proximity(OR=1.148)were risk factors for myopia.CONCULSION The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Dianjiang is at a high level,and there are mane influnenceing factors.Corresponding intervention mea⁃sures should be taken as soon as possible,especially to change students’bad habits of using eyes,so as to reduce the incidence of myopia and give children a bright future.
作者
柳静
黄洪钦
徐子美
Liu Jing;Huang Hongqin;Xu Zimei(Dianjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing,408300,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2023年第8期93-96,共4页
Chinese Primary Health Care
基金
重庆市垫江县科技局2021年度社会民生类项目(djkjxm2021shmskjcxywzd020)。
关键词
中小学生
近视率
防控
影响因素
primary and middle school students
myopia rate
prevention and control
influencing factors
