摘要
[目的]探究台风浪传播过程,提升风暴潮防御能力。[方法]提出了基于中心节点优化算法的叠加风场优化方法和基于非结构网格的浪潮耦合模型,以华南1822号超强台风“山竹”为例,模拟其台风场及波浪场。[结果]将模拟值与珠江河口浮标实测值进行对比,发现风速、风向、有效波高等关键参数的误差总体较小。这表明该模型可以准确模拟台风过程中台风浪的传播过程,同时计算发现台风“山竹”过菲律宾后有效波高增大,至16日凌晨达到较大值(约14.0 m),之后传播至珠江河口及外部海域,受台风强度减弱、岛群遮蔽和水深减小的影响有效波高降低。[结论]本研究提出的中心节点优化算法可有效降低叠加风场过渡区风场误差,相较于单纯风浪模型,浪潮耦合模型波浪模拟精度提高了约15%。超强台风“山竹”右半圆波高明显大于左半圆波高,符合台风“危险半圆”规律,故位于“山竹”右半圆的香港地区的波高(约4.5 m)大于与台风路径更近的澳门地区的波高(约3.6 m)、珠海及台山一带的波高(约2.3 m)。本研究相关成果可为华南沿海风暴潮研究提供参考。
[Purposes]This study explored the process of typhoon wave propagation with an aim to improve the storm surge defense capability.[Methods]This study proposed a superimposed wind field optimization method based on central node optimization algorithm and a wave-tide coupling model based on unstructured grid,the typhoon field and wave field of No.1822 super typhoon"Mangkhut"in South China were simulated as an example.[Findings]The simulated values were compared with the measured values of buoys in the Pearl River estuary,the errors of key parameters of wind speed,wind direction,and effective wave height were generally small,indicating that the model accurately simulated the propagation process of typhoon waves during the typhoon process.Model simulation results showed that the effective wave height increased after Typhoon Mangkhut passed the Philippines and reached the maximum value of about 14.0 m in the early morning of 16th.125After that,the wave spread to the Pearl River estuary and the outer sea area.Affected by the weakening of typhoon intensity,the shelter of island groups,and the decrease of water depth,the effective wave height gradually decreased.[Conclusions]The central node optimization algorithm proposed in this study can effectively reduce the wind field error in the transition region of the superposed wind field,and the wave simulation accuracy of the wave coupling model was improved by about 15%compared with the simple wind wave model.The wave height of the right semicircle of super typhoon"Mangkhut"was obviously larger than that of the left semicircle,which accorded with the law of typhoon"dangerous semicircle".Therefore,the wave height of Hong Kong(about 4.5 m)located in the right semicircle of"Mangkhut"was larger than that of Macao(about 3.6 m),Zhuhai and Taishan(about 2.3 m)which were closer to the typhoon path.The relevant results can provide reference for the study of storm surge along the coast of South China.
作者
刘晓建
侯堋
胡晓张
陈俊昂
张鹏
朱小伟
王强
梁美仪
LIU Xiaojian;HOU Peng;HU Xiaozhang;CHEN Jun'ang;ZHANG Peng;ZHU Xiaowei;WANG Qiang;Kenneth Mei Yee Leung(Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute,Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China;Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuary Regulation and Protection of Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China;Guangdong Hydropower Planning&Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510611,China;Guangzhou PRHRI Engineering Survey&Desigin Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510611,China;City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)
出处
《长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2023年第4期117-126,共10页
Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology:Natural Science
基金
广东省促进经济高质量发展海洋六大产业专项(GDNRC〔2021〕41)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A1515110428)
广州市基础与应用基础研究项目(202102021286)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001000)
水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2020SS02)。
关键词
台风“山竹”
台风场
台风浪
中心节点优化算法
浪潮耦合模型
typhoon"Mangkhut"
typhoon field
typhoon wave
central node optimization algorithm
wavetide coupling model
