摘要
政府教育投入的城乡差异是造成城乡教育和收入差距的重要原因。本文利用国家中西部农村初中校舍改造工程作为外生的政策冲击,识别了政府教育投入对农村人力资本积累以及长期收入的影响。结果表明:第一,国家针对农村贫困地区的教育基础设施投资,显著提高了学龄青少年的人力资本积累,使初中完成率和高中完成率提高了1.46%和2.40%,同时受教育年限提高了0.18年,这一效果对于低收入家庭和父母教育水平较低的群体更为有效。第二,这一政策还提高了学龄青少年劳动力市场的长期表现,从事非农工作的概率提高了3.97%,收入提高了7.68%,并且这一效果不依赖于是否外出务工。第三,成本收益分析表明校舍改造的收益远大于成本,产生了巨大的经济效益。本文的结果对政府教育投入与共同富裕之间的关系提供了严谨的经验证据,并从人力资本积累的角度探讨了这一关系的内在机制。
The urban-rural difference in government education investment is an important reason for the urban-rural education and income gaps.This paper takes the Midwestern Rural High School Building Reconstruction Project as an exogenous policy shock to identify the impact of government education investment on rural human capital accumulation and the income gap between urban and rural areas.The results indicate that,first,the completion rate in junior high schools and senior high schools is 1.46%and 2.40%higher than that of students who are not affected by the policy,and this effect is more pronounced in low-income and low-educated groups.Second,the policy also improves the long-term labour market performance of school-age adolescents,with a 3.97%increase in the probability of obtaining nonagricultural work and a 7.68%increase in their income.Third,cost-benefit analysis shows that the benefits of the policy far outweigh the costs,resulting in significant economic benefits.The results of this paper provide rigorous empirical evidence on the relationship between government investment in education and common prosperity,as well as exploring the underlying mechanism of this relationship from the perspective of human capital accumulation.
作者
亢延锟
侯嘉奕
陈斌开
Kang Yankun;Hou Jiayi;Chen Binkai
出处
《世界经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第7期140-164,共25页
The Journal of World Economy
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目“实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合研究”(21ZDA034)
社科重大项目“城乡融合与新发展格局战略联动的内在机理与实现路径研究”(21&ZD085)的资助。
关键词
教育投入
人力资本积累
共同富裕
成本收益分析
education investment
human capital accumulation
common prosperity
cost-benefit analysis
