摘要
螺栓预紧力是影响螺栓连接可靠性的关键因素之一,直接准确测量螺栓预紧力具有重要的应用价值。文章首先基于声弹性效应原理,从理论上研究超声波传播速度与螺栓轴向应力的关系,建立螺栓预紧力与超声波声时差的标定关系;其次分析超声波测量螺栓预紧力的影响因素;最后给出螺栓预紧力超声波测量方法和应用案例。采用MC900超声波测量分析仪完成某车型仪表板横梁与车身螺栓的预紧力衰减监测,满足整车耐久可靠性要求。研究结果表明,超声波预紧力测量技术可以很好地监测整车耐久路试过程中螺栓连接点的预紧力变化趋势,为验证螺栓拧紧力矩设定合理性和解析力矩衰减质量问题提供试验依据。
Bolt preload is one of the key factors affecting the reliability of bolt connection,and it is of great application value to measure bolt preload directly and accurately.Firstly,based on the principle of acoustoelastic effect,the relationship between ultrasonic propagation speed and axial stress of bolts is studied theoretically,and the calibration relationship between bolt preload and ultrasonic acoustic time difference is established in this paper.Secondly,the influencing factors of ultrasonic measurement of bolt preload are analyzed.Finally,the ultrasonic measurement method and application case of bolt preload are given.The MC900 ultrasonic measuring analyzer is used to monitor the preload attenuation of the dashboard beam and body bolts of a certain vehicle.The test results meet the durability and reliability requirements of the vehicle.The research results show that the ultrasonic preload measurement technology can well monitor the preload changing trend of bolt connection points during the endurance road test of the vehicle,and provide experimental basis for verifying the rationality of bolt tightening torque setting and analyzing the quality problem of torque attenuation.
作者
吕奉阳
全锋
杨万庆
钱银超
洪尚杓
LV Fengyang;QUAN Feng;YANG Wanqing;QIAN Yinchao;HONG Sangpyo(GAC Automotive Research&Development Center,Guangzhou 511434,China)
出处
《汽车实用技术》
2023年第17期144-149,共6页
Automobile Applied Technology
关键词
螺栓预紧力
声弹性效应
超声波
Bolt preload
Acoustoelastic effect
Ultrasonic
