摘要
为优化小麦施肥结构,推进化肥减量化行动,提高肥料利用率,开展了常规施肥、测土配方施肥等不同施肥方式对小麦生长及肥料利用率影响试验。结果表明:测土配方施肥有助于提高小麦籽粒产量。测土配方施肥处理小麦籽粒产量为7845 kg/hm^(2),较常规施肥处理增产3.56%。测土配方施肥提升了小麦籽粒与秸秆对氮和磷养分的吸收,与常规施肥处理相比,小麦籽粒氮和磷含量分别提高5.85%、8.75%。各处理中测土配方施肥处理100 kg籽粒养分吸收量中磷养分吸收量最大。与常规施肥处理相比,测土配方施肥处理小麦氮、磷、钾养分吸收总量分别提高12.34%、10.95%、4.67%。测土配方施肥处理有利于提高小麦肥料利用率,与常规施肥处理相比,小麦的氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别提升了6.3、4.2、12.3百分点。
In order to optimize the fertilization structure of wheat,promote the chemical fertilizer reduction action,and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer,this paper conducted a test to study the effects of different fertilization methods(such as conventional fertilization,and soil testing and formulated fertilization)on wheat growth and fertilizer utilization rate.The results showed that soil testing and formulated fertilization could improve wheat grain yield.The wheat grain yield was 7845 kg/hm^(2) under soil testing and formulated fertilization,which was 3.56%higher than that under conventional fertilization.Soil testing and formulated fertilization improved the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in wheat grains and straw,and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in wheat grains increased by 5.85%and 8.75%,respectively,compared with conventional fertilization.Among the treatments,phosphorus uptake of 100 kg grain nutrients were the highest in the soil testing and formulated fertilization treatment.The total nutrient uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium increased by 12.34%,10.95%and 4.67%,respectively,compared with the conventional fertilization treatment.Soil testing and formulated fertilization was beneficial to improving the utilization rate of wheat fertilizer.Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment,the utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in wheat season increased by 6.3,4.2 and 12.3 percentage points,respectively.
作者
訾利梅
ZI Limei(Taihe County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Taihe Anhui 236600)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2023年第17期8-10,20,共4页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
关键词
小麦
施肥方式
产量
养分含量
肥料利用率
wheat
fertilization method
yield
nutrient content
fertilizer utilization rate
