摘要
儒法思想对于传统中国内政外交的主导性影响,早在春秋时期诸侯的会盟邦交中就有突出体现。会盟邦交以盟誓于神为保障,而疏于确立制度机制,因而“屡盟”不已,这正与儒法主导的传统邦交策略直接相关。通过齐鲁会盟的实例可知,奉行儒家思想的鲁国以施恩为首要邦交策略而慎于征伐,推行法家思想的齐国以征伐为首要邦交策略而辅以施恩,但二者都没有为交易谈判创造充分的空间。其原因在于儒法都不以实利交易为邦交的根本意图,而是一致期许通过邦交实现政治归附与文化归属,其实指向以华夏为中心的圈层式的“天下秩序”,以此为根本旨归的邦交思想是具有时代局限性的。在现代民族国家时代,我们必须重视支撑现代国际条约体系运作的“契约”观念,并尝试以此为重心对以儒法为代表的传统邦交思想进行现代性转化。
The diplomatic ideas of Confucianism and Pre-Han Legalist School,which are concentrated on an alliance between Qi and Lu,played an important role in the diplomatic activities of the vassal states and even shaped the diplomatic keynote of the traditional China preliminarily.Its basic feature is to regard their pledges of alliance as the most importance,but not to establish any practical rule.Therefore,the vassals break their promise as frequently as pledging of allegiance.It reflects that the top diplomatic strategy of Qi was conquest,but the top diplomatic strategy of Lu was giving and grace.Then both giving and grace of Confucianism and conquest of Pre-Han Legalist School cannot make room for deal negotiations.Because there is the same diplomatic intention of Confucianism and Pre-Han Legalist School that is to pursuit political subordination and cultural assimilation,which corresponds to the world order of"Huaxia center,the four barbarians'submission".However,it is different from the modern international treaties fundamentally.We should transform our traditional diplomatic ideas into modern ones with the concept of covenant as the core,in order to adapt modern international treaties to develop ourselves further in the currentdiplomaticpractices.
出处
《孔子研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期40-50,共11页
Confucius Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目“中国传统契约观念研究”(项目编号:19BZX080)的阶段性成果。
关键词
盟誓
契约
政治归附
文化归属
现代转化
Pledge of Alliance
Covenant
Political Subordination
Cultural Assimilation
Modern Transformation
