摘要
【目的】建立绣球花发育的形态学指标与减数分裂进程的对应关系,观测小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体行为及花粉特征,为绣球种质创新奠定工作基础。【方法】采集不同发育阶段的花序,卡宝品红压片后,观察可育花的花粉母细胞减数分裂情况,统计减数分裂异常现象出现的比例,利用液体培养基培养并测定花粉萌发力。【结果】1)绣球‘无尽夏’花序边缘的装饰花开放之前,可育花的花粉母细胞细胞质浓厚、核仁明显。当花序边缘的装饰花微微开放时,可育花的花蕾直径在3~3.5 mm,花药宽约0.5 mm,长约1 mm,此时花粉母细胞减数分裂进入粗线期。随着可育花进一步发育,可以观察到从终变期到花粉粒的各个时期。花序边缘的装饰花完全开放时,可育花的减数分裂已经结束,此时可育花的花蕾直径在4 mm左右,花药宽约1 mm,长约1.5 mm。2)绣球‘无尽夏’在减数分裂过程中染色体行为正常,2个杂种F1的小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程出现大量异常现象。Hydrangea macrophylla‘Magical Jade’×H.chinensis的杂种F1在小孢子母细胞减数分裂中期I有46.41%的细胞出现游离于赤道板之外的染色体,52.48%的细胞在后期I和末期I会出现落后染色体或形成染色体桥,35.11%的细胞在末期Ⅱ出现微核现象。H.macrophylla‘Taube’×H.macrophylla‘Veitchii’的杂种F1在小孢子母细胞减数分裂中期I出现未配对染色体的比率为15.31%,在后期I和末期I有17.30%的细胞出现落后染色体或形成染色体桥,末期Ⅱ未观察到微核现象。3)绣球‘无尽夏’花粉粒为球形,大小一致,直径为(16.72±0.75)μm,萌发率为(25.15±3.54)%。在2个杂种F1中观察到有球形和形态不规则的皱缩花粉,H.macrophylla‘Taube’×H.macrophylla‘Veitchii’杂种F1球形花粉粒的直径为(16.60±1.73)μm,萌发率为(16.26±1.72)%。H.macrophylla‘Magical Jade’×H.chinensis杂种F1的球形花粉粒�
【Objective】The purpose of this study is to establish the corresponding relationship between morphological indicators of flower development and the meiotic process of Hydrangea,and to observe the chromosome behaviors in microspore mother cells and the pollen characteristics,so as to lay the foundation for the germplasm innovation of Hydrangea.【Method】The inflorescences at different developmental stages were collected and pressed onto a glass slide and stained with carbol fuchsin,and the meiotic process of pollen mother cells(PMCs)of fertile flowers was observed.The proportion of abnormal meiotic phenomena was counted,and the pollen was cultured a liquid pollen germination medium and the pollen germination rate was measured.【Result】1)Before the opening of decorative flowers around the inflorescence of Hydrangea macrophylla‘Endless Summer’,the PMCs of fertile flowers displayed condensed cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli.When the decorative flowers at the edge of the inflorescence opened slightly,the fertile flower buds were 3-3.5 mm in diameter,and their anthers were about 0.5 mm in width and 1 mm in length.At this point,the PMCs meiosis entered the pachytene stage.With further development of fertile flowers,various stages from diakinesis to pollen grains were able to be observed.When the decorative flowers at the edge of the inflorescence were fully open the meiosis process terminated.At this time,the buds of fertile flowers were about 4 mm in diameter,and the anthers were about 1 mm in width and 1.5 mm in length.2)The chromosome of H.macrophylla‘Endless Summer’PMCs behaved normally during meiotic process.The meiotic process of the microspore mother cells of the two hybrids F1 showed a lot of abnormal phenomena.In the hybrid of H.macrophylla‘Magical Jade’×H.chinensis,46.41%of the microspore mother cells showed chromosomes detached from the equatorial plate at meiosis metaphase I stage,52.48%of the cells had laggard chromosomes or formed chromosome-bridge at anaphase I and telophase I stage.M
作者
王子玥
刘光欣
邱帅
高凯
魏建芬
甄艳
席梦利
Wang Ziyue;Liu Guangxin;Qiu Shuai;Gao Kai;Wei Jianfen;Zhen Yan;Xi Mengli(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037;Hangzhou Landscaping Incorporated,Hangzhou 310020)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期89-95,共7页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家林业和草原局重点研发项目(GLM[2021]86)
上海市绿化和市容管理局科研项目(G212410)。
关键词
绣球
花粉母细胞
减数分裂特征
Hydrangea
pollen mother cells
meiosis characteristics
