摘要
目的探索犯罪恐惧感对老年人健康的影响,分析孤独感的中介效应,为提高老年人心理健康提供依据。方法于2021年6-7月使用犯罪恐惧感量表、孤独感量表(UCLA)和自评健康量表对安徽省使用分层随机抽样选出的624名老年人进行测量,在描述其犯罪恐惧感、孤独感和自评健康现状基础上,基于t检验比较这些变量的性别、年龄、受教育水平和城乡差异,采用Pearson积差相关探索犯罪恐惧感、孤独感和自评健康之间的联系,使用M-plus 7.4考察犯罪恐惧感对老年人自评健康的影响,并探索孤独感的中介作用。结果老年人的犯罪恐惧感存在性别、年龄和受教育水平差异(P<0.01)。犯罪恐惧感与孤独感呈正相关(r=0.233,P<0.001),与自评健康呈负相关(r=-0.169,P<0.001),孤独感与自评健康呈负相关(r=-0.202,P<0.001)。老年人的犯罪恐惧感对其自评健康有显著的负向影响(P<0.001),孤独感在其中起着部分中介作用,中介效应占比为16.32%。结论犯罪恐惧感对老年人自评健康有显著的负效应,并部分通过孤独感来实现。
Objective To explore the effect of the fear of crime on the health of the elderly and analyze the mediating effect of loneliness for improving the mental health of the elderly.Methods The Global Measures of the Fear of Crime,the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Self-Rating Health Scale were adopted to measure the fear of crime,loneliness and self-rated health of 624 elderly people selected by stratified cluster sampling.T-test was used to compare samples classified by gender,age,education level or urban-rural background.The Pearson correlation was used to explore the relationship among the fear of crime,loneliness and self-rated health.The impact of fear of crime on the health of the elderly was investigated by M-plus 7.4 with the mediating effect of loneliness examined.Results The fear of crime of the elderly was significantly related with gender,age and education level(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the fear of crime was positively correlated with loneliness(r=0.233,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with self-rated health(r=-0.169,P<0.001).Besides,loneliness was negatively related with self-rated health(r=-0.202,P<0.001).The significant negative effect of the fear of crime of the elderly on self-rated health(P<0.001)was partially mediated by loneliness,which accounted for 16.32%of the total effect.Conclusion The fear of crime has a significant negative effect on the self-rated health of the elderly,which is partly achieved through loneliness.
作者
俞瑶
夏春
YU Yao;XIA Chun(Public Security Administration Department,Jiangsu Police Institute,Nanjing,210031,China;不详)
出处
《中国社会医学杂志》
2023年第4期417-420,共4页
Chinese Journal of Social Medicine
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学项目(2020SJA0505)
安徽省哲学社会科学项目(AHSKQ2016D27)。
关键词
犯罪恐惧感
孤独感
自评健康
中介效应
老年居民
Fear of crime
Loneliness
Self-rated health
Mediating effect
Elderly people
