摘要
以往对于评价类反义形容词“good/bad”的不对称性研究以定性方法为主,基于语料库的量化分析尚不多见。文章运用基于语料库的行为特征分析法中的层次聚类分析法和对应分析法,从语义和用法两方面考察good/bad的不对称性。研究发现:首先,二者语义不对称性主要表现为语义拓展方向及引申义的不对称:good从基本义拓展到脾气、性格、程度范围、观点和行为,而bad从基本义拓展到脾气、感知、状态、话语、行为和性格;其次,二者引申义的不对称性受定语中心语、句子主语影响,却不受形态和极性的影响,形态和极性仅可解释基本义与引申义之间的差异性,另外时态变量未引起任何影响。层次聚类分析和对应分析方法的结合为反义形容词研究提供了可探索路径,研究结果也为该复合实证方法的可行性提供了新证据,同时可为教学应用研究提供可靠支撑。
Most previous studies on"good/bad"are qualitative while corpus-based quantitative studies are rare.The present study investigates the asymmetry between"good/bad"in terms of semantic and usage feature using a corpus-based behavioral profile analysis.A hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis and correspond analysis were performed.The results are as the following:1)the asymmetry between good/bad is reflected in the semantic extension:the literal meaning of"good"extends to temper,character,degree or range,idea and behavior,while that of"bad"extends to temper,feeing,state,language,behavior and character.2)the asymmetry between extended meanings of"good"and"bad"is influenced by two factors:head nouns modified by"good/bad",subjects of clause,while the rest two factors,morphological and polarity features,are only the one of reasons causing differences between literal and extending meanings.In addition,the tense has nothing to do with asymmetry.Combining cluster analysis with correspond analysis,this study provides a new path for the study of antonym asymmetry and further demonstrates the applicability of this empirical method,meanwhile gives support for relevant research of teaching application.
作者
张媛
陈冬
ZHANG Yuan;CHEN Dong(School of Foreign Languages,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250000,China)
出处
《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第4期446-456,共11页
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
山东省研究生教育优质课程项目(编号:SDYKC20070)
山东省高等学校青年创新团队支持项目(编号:2021RW033)。
关键词
反义形容词
不对称性
聚类分析
对应分析
antonymous adjectives
asymmetry
hierarchical cluster analysis
correspondence analysis
