摘要
南丁格尔现象是19世纪医学领域的里程碑事件,不仅扭转了19世纪公众心中女护士这一职业的刻板印象,使女护士这一职业成为女性走入公共领域的滩头阵地,而且激发和提振了女性进入现代医学行业的信心,使女医生成为19世纪显现度最高的“新女性”代表。然而,女护士和女医生的涌现,也引起了维多利亚社会的不安和焦虑。19世纪英美文学敏锐地捕捉到这一时代身影和时代“症候”,将医学女性纳入文学想象,加入性别与医学议题的公共论坛。本文以“女护士”和“女医生”作为管窥维多利亚时代医学女性和女性发展的重要窗口,首先阐述19世纪医学话语和性别话语等对医学女性的多重建构,然后分析英美文学对医学女性的表征及其发挥的文化功能,揭示医学话语、性别话语、文化表征之间的交互关系。
The Nightingale phenomenon was a landmark event in the 19~(th) century medicine,not only reversing the stereotype of female nurses in the 19~(th) century and making them the front line of women in the public sphere,but also inspiring and boosting women's confidence to officially enter medical profession and making women doctors the most visible representative of the “New Woman” of the 19~(th) century.The emergence of women nurses and doctors,however,also caused anxiety in Victorian society.The 19~(th)-century Anglo-American literature was keen to capture the “symptoms” of the times,incorporating medical women into literary imagination and participating in the public forum about gender and medicine.By using “female nurse” and “female doctor” as windows to look at the development of Victorian medical women,this paper firstly illustrates how the medical women are constructed by the 19~(th) century medical discourses and gender discourses.It then analyses the representation of medical women in Anglo-American literature and the cultural works they played,and explores the interaction between medical discourse,gender discourse and cultural representation.
作者
刘英
朱新竹
LIU Ying;ZHUXinzhu
出处
《外国语文》
北大核心
2023年第4期52-60,共9页
Foreign Languages and Literature
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“美国文学地理的文史考证与学科建构”(16ZDA197)的阶段性成果。
关键词
性别
医学
南丁格尔
女医生
维多利亚文学
gender
medicine
Nightingale
female physician
Victorian literature
