摘要
昆虫所接收的气味集合即昆虫的气味景观。昆虫依赖于对气味景观的感受和分辨,完成目标定位、取食、交配、产卵等生命活动。通过气味景观管理可操控昆虫的行为,达到防控害虫的目的。本文从昆虫气味景观的组成和扩散,气味景观对昆虫行为的影响,影响气味景观的因素,昆虫对气味景观的感知和分辨,以及气味景观管理在害虫防控上的应用等方面对昆虫气味景观的研究进展进行了综述,并对今后昆虫气味景观管理的发展方向和研究重点进行了分析和展望。对昆虫而言,目标物释放的气味被气流击散成羽状,并与空气中携带的背景气味混合,共同构成了气味景观。昆虫沿目标物气味进行目标物的搜寻和定位,目标物气味的形状、组成、浓度等可影响昆虫的行为;背景气味则起到补充、警示等辅助作用,不同背景气味对昆虫的目标定位有协同或干扰作用。环境中温湿度、光照、重金属元素以及植物病虫害等是影响昆虫气味景观的主要因素。研究表明,昆虫通过嗅觉受体捕获气味景观,并将气味信号沿嗅觉神经输送至触角叶等嗅觉中枢。而后,气味景观在昆虫嗅觉中枢中以基本编码或构型编码的模式被解析。背景气味对昆虫目标定位的影响可能是不同气味分子在嗅觉感知和编码过程中的相互加成、竞争性结合及信号串扰的结果。目前,基于对气味景观的管理衍生出了昆虫行为调节剂、外源激发子、选育可释放抗性挥发物的作物品种、“推-拉”技术、天敌支持型植物系统等多种害虫绿色防控技术。今后需进一步深入解析昆虫分辨气味景观的行为学、电生理学和神经学机制,并对气味景观管理相关的绿色防控技术进行优化和集成化,以期构建科学、高效的气味景观用于害虫防控。
The collective set of odors received by insects is called as insect odorscape.Insects rely on the reception and discrimination of the odorscape to complete life activities,such as the object localization,feeding,mating and oviposition.The behavior of insects can be manipulated by odorscape management for pest control strategy.In this article,we reviewed the research progress in the composition and diffusion of insect odorscape,influences of odorscape on insect behavior,factors affecting odorscape,odorscape reception and discrimination of insects,and the application of odorscape management in pest control.Finally,we analyzed and prospected the development direction and research focus of insect odorscape management in the future.For insects,the odor released by target is dispersed into plumes by air flow and mixed with the background odor carried in the air,which together form the odorscape.Insects search and locate the target along the target odor.The behavior of insects can be affected by the shape,composition and concentration of target odors.The background odor plays a complementary or warning role during the target localization of insects.Different background odors can synergize or interfere with the target localization of insects.The insect odorscape is mainly affected by the temperature,humidity,light,heavy metal elements and plant diseases and insect pests in the environment.Studies showed that the olfactory receptors of insects capture odorscape and transmit those odor signals to olfactory nerve centers such as antennal sensilla lobe along the olfactory nerves.Then,the odorscape is analyzed in the nerve centers by the mode of elemental processing or configural processing.The influences of background odor on insect target localization may be the results of the reciprocal addition,competitive binding or signal crosstalk of different odor molecules during the olfactory sensing and coding.At present,several kinds of green pest control technologies have been developed based on the odorscape management,such as i
作者
焦龙
谭荣荣
陈勋
王红娟
黄丹娟
毛迎新
JIAO Long;TAN Rong-Rong;CHEN Xun;WANG Hong-Juan;HUANG Dan-Juan;MAO Ying-Xin(Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Comprehensive Utilization(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fruit and Tea Research Institute,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期978-991,共14页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
国家茶叶产业技术体系(CARS-19)
湖北省现代农业产业技术体系专项(HBHZD-ZB-2020-005)
湖北省博士后创新实践岗位项目(002001035)。
关键词
昆虫
气味景观
气味扩散
嗅觉行为
气味感知
气味分辨
挥发物
绿色防控
Insects
odorscape
odor diffusion
olfactory behavior
odor reception
odor discrimination
volatiles
green control
