摘要
目的了解上海市杨浦区麻疹发病的季节性分布特征,为完善麻疹补充免疫策略提供数据支持。方法通过多途径收集上海市杨浦区1952-2021年麻疹月发病数据,参照我国消除麻疹的时间阶段,综合运用集中度和圆形分布法分阶段分析杨浦区麻疹发病的季节性分布特征。结果1952-2021年,杨浦区共报告麻疹发病213899例。1952-1964年,年均报告发病率为2018.66/10万,集中度值M=0.39,发病具有一定的季节性,发病高峰日1月28日,高峰期为11月9日-4月28日。1965-1977年,年均报告发病率为306.22/10万,集中度值M=0.71,发病具有很强的季节性,发病高峰日为3月14日,高峰期为1月26日-5月1日。1978-1996,年均报告发病率为2.03/10万,集中度值M=0.58,发病具有较强的季节性,发病高峰日为3月29日,高峰期为2月18日-6月20日;1997-2005年,年均报告发病率为1.90/10万,集中度值M=0.52,发病具有较强的季节性,发病高峰日为5月22日,高峰期为3月15日-7月28日;2006-2021年,年均报告发病率为0.53/10万,集中度值M=0.52,发病具有较强的季节性,发病高峰日为5月10日,高峰期为3月4日-7月17日。结论1952-2021年的不同时间阶段内,杨浦区麻疹季节性呈现出高峰期推迟、高峰期延长等特征,在季节性高峰期到来之前采取补充免疫策略,有利于进一步阻断麻疹疫情传播。
Objective To analyze seasonal characteristics and changed tendency of measles in Yangpu district of Shangha,and to provide scientific evidence for supplementary immunization strategy.Methods The monthly reported data of measles cases were collected by multiple approach.Taking the measles elimination strategy in China as reference,the concentration degree and circular distribution method were used to analyze the changed tendency of measles in Yangpu district of Shanghai from 1952 to 2021.Results A total of 213899 measles cases were reported from 1952 to 2021.During 1952-1964,the average incidence rate was 2018.66/100000 and the concentration degree(M)value was 0.39.The incidence rates showed obvious seasonal changes,with the peak day of January 28 and the peak period from November 9 to April 28;During 1965-1977,the average incidence rate was 306.22/100000,and the M value was 0.71.The incidence rates showed obviously seasonal changes,with the peak day of March 14 and the peak period from January 26 to May 1.During 1978-1996,the average incidence rate was 2.03/100000,and the M value was 0.58.The incidence rates showed obvious seasonal changes,with the peak day of March 29 and the peak period from February 18 to June 20.During 1997-2005,the average incidence rate was 1.90/100000,and the M value was 0.52.The incidence rates showed obvious seasonal changes,with the peak day of May 22 and the peak period from March 15 to July 28.During 2006-2021,the average incidence rate was 0.53/100000,and the M value was 0.52.The incidence rates showed obvious seasonal changes,with the peak day of May 10 and the peak period from March 4 to July 17.Conclusions During the different time periods from 1952 to 2021,the seasonal peak of measles in Yangpu district was delayed and the peak was extended.It is suggested to take supplementary immunization strategy before the seasonal peak period to further block the spread of measles epidemic.
作者
杜家玺
秦永发
李嘉懿
陆琴
李艳
DU Jia-xi;QIN Yong-fa;LI Jia-yi;LU Qin;LI-yan(Yangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2023年第3期129-132,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
麻疹
季节性特征
集中度
圆形分布
Measles
Seasonality
Concentration degree
Circular distribution
