摘要
目的 了解山东省职业卫生防治机构专业技术人员的职业紧张状况,分析其影响因素。方法 2021年10—11月,采取便利抽样的方法,以山东省73家职业卫生防治机构380名职业卫生专业技术人员为调查对象对其进行一般情况、付出-回报失衡量表(effort-reward imbalance,ERI)、职业倦怠量表调查。比较不同特征职业卫生专业技术人员的职业紧张情况,利用简单相关分析职业紧张与职业倦怠的关系,利用logistic回归分析影响职业卫生专业技术人员职业紧张的因素。结果 山东省职业卫生防治机构专业技术人员的ERI指数为0.98±0.18,职业紧张检出率为47.6%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、工龄、每周加班时长、月收入水平及压力自评等因素对ERI指数产生不同程度的影响(均P<0.05)。Spearman相关结果显示,职业倦怠及压力自评分数与ERI指数呈正相关(r=0.32、0.38,均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,对于发生高职业紧张的风险,年龄大者高于年龄小者(P<0.05),月收入水平高者高于水平低者(P<0.05),每周加班时长长者高于时长短者(P<0.01),压力自评分数高者高于低者(P<0.01)。结论 职业卫生专业技术人员普遍存在职业紧张。年龄、月收入水平、每周加班时间及自感压力程度是职业紧张的主要影响因素,需采取相关措施及时干预,以避免或减少技术人员职业紧张的发生。
Objective To understand occupational stress among professional and technical staff of occupational health control institutions in Shandong Province,analyze its influencing factors.Methods From October to November 2021,a convenience sampling method was used to survey 380 occupational health professional and technical personnel in 73 occupational health control institutions in Shandong Province,and they were investigated by the general condition questionnaire,effort-reward imbalance(ERI)inventory and job burnout scale.The occupational stress of occupational health professionals and technicians with different population characteristics was compared,the relationship between occupational stress and job burnout was analyzed by using simple correlation,and the factors affecting occupational stress of occupational health professionals and technicians were analyzed by using logistic regression.Results The ERI index of professional technicians in occupational health prevention and control institutions in Shandong Province was 0.98±0.18,and the detection rate of occupational stress was 47.6%.The univariate result analysis showed that factors such as age,marital status,working years,weekly overtime hours,monthly income level,and stress self-assessment had different degrees of influence on the ERI index(all P<0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the the job burnout and stress self-rating score were positively correlated with the ERI index(r=0.32,0.38,both P<0.01).The logistic regression analysis results showed that,for the risk of high occupational stress,older people were higher than younger people(P<0.05),those with higher monthly income levels were higher than those with lower levels(P<0.05),those with longer weekly overtime hours were higher than those with shorter duration(P<0.01),and those with higher stress self-rating score were higher than those with lower score(P<0.01).Conclusions The occupational stress is common among occupational health professional and technical staff.The age,monthly income level
作者
李宛儒
胡沛杉
张志虎
LI Wanru;HU Peishan;ZHANG Zhihu(Testing and Evaluation Center,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine,Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Ji'nan Shandong,250062,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第13期1740-1743,1748,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF111069)。
关键词
职业卫生专业技术人员
职业健康
职业紧张
付出-回报失衡
Occupational health professional and technical staff
Occupational health
Occupational stress
Effort-reward
