摘要
于2017—2018年和2018—2019年,在西北中部旱作雨养农业区以冬小麦‘康庄974’为试验材料,设秸秆带状覆盖(SM)、地膜覆盖(PM)和无覆盖对照(CK)共3个栽培处理,分析不同覆盖方式对小麦灌浆期土壤水分和温度及抗氧化能力的影响,探讨花后干物质积累量和粒重形成的关系。结果表明,随生育期推进,花后旗叶相对含水量(RWC)逐渐降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐升高,且PM较SM降、升幅度明显。与CK相比,覆盖显著提高花后旗叶抗氧化酶活性,增加渗透调节物质含量;开花时间越长,SM抗氧化酶活性升高的幅度越大,而PM主要提高花后7 d旗叶抗氧化能力。SM和PM的粒重分别较CK增加14.3%和19.1%(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,土壤水分(SW)是影响旗叶生理活性的关键因子,提高SW,有利于增加RWC(r=0.84**),从而提高旗叶抗氧化能力,其中RWC和抗坏血酸酶(ASA)活性呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.82**);ASA活性和脯氨酸(Pro)含量呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.94**),和MDA含量呈极显著负相关关系(r=-0.93**);同时发现,抗氧化能力和花后干物质积累量高度正相关(r=0.96**),和粒重正相关。可见,粒重的增加与旗叶RWC及其抗氧化能力的提高密切相关。秸秆带状覆盖对小麦花后旗叶生理活性的改善效果最佳,适宜在西北旱地推广应用。
Winter wheat‘Kangzhuang 974’was used as the experimental material during 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019 in the central northwest dry rainfed agriculture zone.There were 3 treatments including straw strip mulching(SM),plastic film mulching(PM)and no mulching control(CK).The results showed that the effects of different mulching methods on the soil water content,temperature and antioxidant capacity of wheat during the grain-filling period and the relationship between dry matter accumulation and grain weight formation after flowering were investigated.The results showed that the relative water content(RWC)of post-flowering flag leaf gradually decreased and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content gradually increased as the growth stage progressed under both SM and PM groups.The range of PM decreasing and increasing was more significant compared with SM.Compared with CK,mulching significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory content of flag leaves after flowering.The longer the flowering time,the greater the increase in SM antioxidant enzyme activity,while PM mainly increased the antioxidant capacity of flag leaves 7 days after flowering.Grain weight of SM and PM increased by 14.3%and 19.1%,respectively,compared with CK(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that soil water(SW)was a key factor influencing the physiological activity of flag leaf,and increasing SW was beneficial in increasing RWC(r=0.84**),thus improving the antioxidant capacity of flag leaf,where RWC and ascorbate activity(ASA)were highly significantly positively correlated(r=0.82**).ASA and proline(Pro)were highly significantly positively correlated(r=0.94**).ASA and MDA were highly significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.93**).Antioxidant capacity and post-flowering dry matter accumulation were found to be highly positively correlated(r=0.96**).Antioxidant capacity positively correlated with grain weight.In conclusion,the increase in grain weight was closely related to the increase in flag leaf RWC and its antioxidant capacity.Str
作者
张姚
程宏波
杨佳佳
马建涛
柴守玺
纪文宁
张仕林
ZHANG Yao;CHENG Hongbo;YANG Jiajia;MA Jiantao;CHAI Shouxi;JI Wenning;ZHANG Shilin(College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期141-150,共10页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金(31760362)
国家小麦产业体系专项(CARS-3-2-49)。
关键词
旱地小麦
覆盖方式
相对含水量
抗氧化
籽粒形成
dryland wheat
mulching mode
relative moisture content
antioxidant
grain formation
