摘要
对于食品安全犯罪的证明来说,在客观方面要证明行为人实施了危害食品安全的行为,在主观方面要证明行为人主观上明知其行为危害食品安全。在客观行为的证明方面,鉴定和检验发挥着至关重要的作用,普遍存在行政机关的检验、认定意见在刑事诉讼中的证据运用问题。在食品安全鉴定问题上,虽然目前我国缺乏食品安全的司法鉴定,但可以采取检验报告、专家意见、快速检测结果等证据相结合的形式对案件中的专门性问题进行证明。在行刑衔接的食品安全犯罪案件中,应赋予快速检测结果证据能力;行政机关所出具的“认定意见”,实际上与检验报告相结合发挥着替代鉴定意见的证明作用。由于此类案件中证明行为人的主观故意较为困难,因此,可采取用客观行为证据推论主观状态的方式,但推论并未将证明责任转移至被告人。
For the proof of food safety crime,the evidence specification mainly includes:the perpetrator implements the action that will be harmful for the food safety,has subjective knowledge that his or her action will influence the food safety and the evidence of the subject of crime can be ensured.In the identification of food safety,although China is lack of judicial identification,we can still prove the special problems in the cases by combining the evidences of inspection reports,expert opinion and rapid detection results.When the proof of the subjective state of food safety crime gets tough,the subjective state can be infered by the evidence of the objective behavior.In the case of the food safety crime which involving the cohesion of administrative execution and criminal justice,the competence of evidence for the rapid detection results should be given;the"conformation opinions"issued by the administrative organs,in fact,are combined with the inspection report,which plays the proof function role to substitute the expert opinion.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
北大核心
2023年第4期154-164,共11页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
司法部中青年课题(19SFB3017)“预防性犯罪化立法对我国刑事立法模式的挑战及应用”。
关键词
科学证据
鉴定意见
行刑衔接
推定
推论
scientific evidence
expert opinion
administrative law and criminal law connect
presumption
inference
