摘要
为明确硝化抑制剂对夏玉米氮素高效利用的影响,通过连续2年田间试验研究不同氮肥减施水平下添加硝化抑制剂(2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶)对夏玉米产量和氮素累积转运及利用的影响。结果表明,氮肥减施20%并添加硝化抑制剂不影响玉米植株各器官及总干物质的累积量,各器官的氮素累积量及植株的总氮吸收量未出现下降趋势,其产量与正常施氮处理无显著差异。随着施氮量的增加,玉米植株的氮素转运量呈先增后降趋势,其中减氮20%配施硝化抑制剂处理的氮素转运量和转运率均最高,分别为62.41 kg·hm^(-2)和44.54%,对籽粒氮素贡献率达33.96%。氮肥偏生产力随施氮量的增加而下降,平均为58.94 kg·kg^(-1);每生产100 kg籽粒平均需吸收纯氮1.96 kg,以减氮10%处理最高。综合玉米产量、氮素转运累积和利用等因素,在常规施氮的基础上氮肥减施20%,并配施硝化抑制剂2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶,既能够保证玉米高产、稳产,又能够促进农田生态系统中氮素的高效利用,达到节本增效的目的。
To clarify the effects of nitrification inhibitor on nitrogen high-utilization in the summer maize production,two-year field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitrification inhibitor(2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine,CP)application on grain yield and nitrogen accumulation and transportation and utilization of summer maize under reduced nitrogen(N)treatments in Henan province.The results showed that,compared with the normal N fertilization treatment,N reduced by 20%with CP had no effect on the each organ of plant and total dry matter accumulation,as well as N absorption and accumulation.There was no difference in grain yield between treatments and normal application.With N application increased,the amount of N transportation in the plant showed first increased and then decreased.The treatment of N reduced by 20%with CP had the highest N transportation amount and transportation rate with 62.41 kg·hm^(-2) and 44.54%,respectively,and the contribution rate to grain was 33.96%.The nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP)decreased with N application increased with the average 58.94 kg·kg^(-1).Amount of pure N absorbed per 100 kg grain was averagely 1.96 kg and highest value was obtained in treatment of N reduced by 10%.Based on the grain yield,N transportation and accumulation and utilization,the application of N reduced by 20%with CP could maintain the high and stable yield,promote N use efficiency,and reduce cost and increase efficiency in maize production.
作者
张盼盼
李川
张美微
赵霞
牛军
乔江方
ZHANG Panpan;LI Chuan;ZHANG Meiwei;ZHAO Xia;NIU Jun;QIAO Jiangfang(Cereal Crops Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《中国农业科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期181-189,共9页
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2022YQ03)
河南省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(202300410526)。
关键词
夏玉米
硝化抑制剂
氮素累积
氮素转运
产量
summer maize
nitrification inhibitor
nitrogen accumulation
nitrogen transportation
yield
