摘要
儿童时期的营养健康状况是持续影响个人成长、家庭发展和地区人力资本积累的重要因素。在夫妻双方合作议价的儿童营养决定作用框架下,基于脱贫地区帮扶车间中妇女本地就业的准实验设计和湖南、河北、广西三省的微观调查数据,实证分析妇女(母亲)本地就业对儿童营养摄取的影响及其作用机制,发现:妇女本地就业对儿童的日均能量和蛋白质摄入均具有显著的正向影响,但对儿童能量摄入改善更大;妇女本地就业分别对儿童在幼儿阶段的能量摄入和在小学阶段的蛋白质摄入改善更明显,而且营养改善效应并不存在明显的性别差异;从作用机制来看,妇女收入对儿童能量和蛋白质摄入存在显著的正向中介效应,家庭议价能力仅对儿童蛋白质摄入存在显著的正向中介效应,而时间照料的中介效应均不显著。脱贫地区在承接产业转移中应统筹考虑妇女劳动力就业与产业项目选择,在新型城镇化建设中逐步建立健全妇女就业市场,创造更多适合农村妇女工作的就业机会,提高妇女本地就业的能力和可行性,从而扩大妇女本地就业的正外部影响,从妇女就业帮扶的角度促进家庭能力建设。
The nutritional health status during childhood is crucial to individual growth,family development,and regional human capital accumulation.Using a quasi-experimental design of women s local employment in poverty alleviation workshops,this study empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of women s(mothers)local employment on children s nutritional intake within the framework of cooperative bargaining between couples in determining child nutrition,based on micro-level survey data from Hunan,Hebei,and Guangxi Provinces.The findings of this research are as follows:First,women s local employment has a significant positive impact on children s daily calorie and protein intake,with a greater impact observed in enhancing the calorie intake.Second,women s local employment has a stronger impact on enhancing children s calorie intake during early childhood and protein intake during primary school,with no significant gender disparity in the effect of nutritional improvement.Third,shedding light on the mechanism,women s income demonstrates a significant positive mediating effect on children s calorie and protein intake,whereas the bargaining power within the family solely exhibits a significant positive mediating effect on children s protein intake,and the mediating effect of caregiving time is not found to be significant.Finally,this paper offers policy recommendations regarding rural women s labor force employment and industrial project selection,the establishment of a sound women s employment market in the context of new urbanization,and the enhancement of women s capacity and feasibility to participate in local employment,so as to improve the positive external influence of women s local employment and promote family capacity building from the perspective of women s employment support.
作者
李飞
汤珺扬
汪三贵
LI Fei;TANG Junyang;WANG Sangui
出处
《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第3期46-61,205,206,共18页
Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“脱贫地区妇女就业的减贫效应:基于扶贫车间的准实验研究”(72103063)
湖南省自然科学基金青年项目“武陵山集中连片特困地区女性经济赋权的减贫效应:基于一项准自然实验的研究”(2021JJ40264)。
关键词
妇女本地就业
脱贫地区
儿童营养
准实验研究
帮扶车间
woman local employment
underdeveloped areas
child nutrition
Quasi-Experiment Research
poverty alleviation workshop
