摘要
相对于城市地区,农村地区儿童营养不良问题更为严峻。为进一步提高农村学生营养健康水平,中国在2011年秋季学期针对贫困地区启动了农村义务教育学生营养改善计划。本文使用中国健康与营养调查的最新数据,利用营养改善计划在不同县实施的准自然实验差异,采用基于倾向得分匹配和基于分布变化的双重差分识别策略,评估了营养改善计划对农村学生健康的影响。结果显示,营养改善计划显著提高了农村学生的标准化身高和标准化体重,分别提高了0.454个和0.450个标准差,但对发育迟缓的影响不显著。进一步研究发现,营养改善计划对女生、家庭社会经济地位较低、年龄较低以及健康状况更好的学生的健康改善作用更大。未来应逐步提高营养改善计划政策效率,加强政策针对性,同时在政府财力允许的条件下向农村学前教育儿童延伸。
The problem of children’s malnutrition in rural areas in China is far more serious compared with that in urban areas.In order to improve the nutrition and health level of rural students,China has launched a Nutrition Improvement Program(NIP)for rural compulsory education students in poor areas in the fall semester of 2011.Taking advantage of the timing and geographic differences in policy implementation across counties,this article uses the latest China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data to evaluate the impact of the NIP on the health of rural students.Using the method of Propensity Score Matching(PSM)and Change-in-Change(CIC),the study identifies the average impact and distribution of the impact of the NIP.The results show that the NIP has significantly increased the standardized height and weight of rural students by 0.454 and 0.450 standard deviations,respectively,but had no significant effect on growth retardation.Furthermore,the impact is more announced for female students,younger students,students from families with lower socioeconomic status,and students with better health status.The policy implication is that there is a need to gradually improve the policy efficiency of the NIP,strengthen the policy pertinence,and extend itto ruralpreschoolchildren in case the governmentbudget allows.
作者
周磊
王静曦
姜博
ZHOU Lei;WANG Jingxi;JIANG Bo
出处
《中国农村观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期97-114,共18页
China Rural Survey
基金
重庆市博士后特别资助项目“两不愁三保障背景下农村义务教育学生营养改善计划效果研究”(项目编号:201921354)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
营养改善计划
义务教育
儿童健康
Nutrition Improvement Program
Compulsory Education
Children’s Health
