摘要
目的 评估广西全民健康生活方式行动(以下简称“行动”)的实施效果。方法 于2021年7—9月采用方便抽样方法从广西14个慢性病综合防控示范区(以下简称“示范区”)和14个非示范区辖区抽取18岁以上常住居民共14 284名进行健康相关知识和行为问卷调查。同时利用2015年的行动效果评估数据,通过核心指标的对比分析,对居民的知识知晓、行为改变效果进行评估。结果 2021年示范区居民各类健康知识知晓率均高于非示范区,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.001);但是全部调查对象的部分健康知识知晓率仍未超过50%,如对推荐的成人身体活动水平、中等强度有氧运动判断标准、健康腰围判断标准的知晓率仅分别为50.0%、28.5%和27.2%。2021年示范区与非示范区健康行为持有率比较,除每天吃蔬菜、水果和奶类及其制品的比例无差异外,其余指标均为示范区高于非示范区,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.001);但是全部调查对象的部分健康行为持有率仍低于25%,如每周锻炼次数增加、使用限盐勺、每天摄入奶类及制品、使用控油壶、50岁以上人群过去1年测量过骨密度的持有率仅分别为23.5%、21.9%、20.5%、20.0%和9.4%。2021年与2015年比较,在调整性别、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、教育程度、职业、经济收入及健康状况等因素后的分析结果显示,两年度除自觉控制食盐的摄入、吸烟和经常过量饮酒的比例没有差异和每日蔬菜水果摄入的比例有所下降外,其余健康知识知晓、膳食控制、身体活动、健康支持工具使用、减盐减油等健康行为持有率等指标均为2021年好于2015年。结论 全民健康生活方式行动工作取得了一定效果,但仍有相当部分健康知识知晓率和健康行为持有率较低,需进一步加强综合干预措施,以提高居民健康行为和慢性病防治水平。
Objective To evaluate the effect of Healthy Lifestyle for All(hereinafter referred to as"action")in Guangxi.Methods From July to September 2021,a total of 14284 permanent residents over 18 years old were selected from 14 demonstration areas for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases(hereinafter referred to as"demonstration areas")and 14 non-demonstration areas in Guangxi to conduct a questionnaire survey on health-related knowledge and behavior.At the same time,the effect of knowledge awareness and behavior change of residents was evaluated through the analysis of core indicators by using the action effect evaluation data in 2015.Results In 2021,the awareness rate of all kinds of health knowledge of residents in the demonstration area was higher than that in the non-demonstration area,with statistical significance(all P<0.001).However,the awareness rate of some health knowledge of all respondents was still less than 50%.For example,the awareness rate of the recommended adult physical activity level,the judgment standard of moderate intensity aerobic exercise,and the judgment standard of healthy waist circumference were only 50.0%,28.5%,and 27.2%,respectively.In 2021,comparing the health behavior prevalence between demonstration areas and non-demonstration areas,there was no difference in the proportion of eating vegetables,fruits,milk and dairy products every day,and all other indicators were higher than non-demonstration areas,with statistical significance(all P<0.001).However,the prevalence of some health behaviors of all respondents was still lower than 25%;for example,increasing the time of exercise in a week,using salt-limiting spoon,daily intake of milk and dairy products,using oil control pot,and the prevalence of bone mineral density measured in the past 1 year among people over 50 years old were only 23.5%,21.9%,20.5%,20.0%,and 9.4%,respectively.After adjusting for gender,age,ethnicity,marital status,education level,occupation,economic income,and health status,the analysis results showe
作者
罗水英
陆伟江
LUO Shui-ying;LU Wei-jiang(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530028,China)
出处
《应用预防医学》
2023年第3期133-138,共6页
Applied Preventive Medicine
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20201137)。
关键词
慢性病
全民健康生活方式行动
效果评价
知晓率
健康行为持有率
广西
chronic disease
Healthy Lifestyle for All
effect evaluation
awareness rate
health behavior prevalence
Guangxi
